Biphasic Regulation of Apoptosis Following Gastric Irreversible Electroporation Using Tissue Immunohistochemistry of Activated Caspase-3 with TUNEL Method
The regulation of apoptosis is the primary goal of ablation therapy. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising non-thermal tissue ablation-based therapy that induces apoptosis by manipulating electrical conditions. This study aimed to investigate IRE-induced gastric tissue apoptosis in respo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-03-01
|
| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/7/1389 |
| _version_ | 1797212781582221312 |
|---|---|
| author | Han Jo Jeon Hoon Jai Chun Hyuk Soon Choi Bora Keum Hong Bae Kim Jong Hyuk Kim |
| author_facet | Han Jo Jeon Hoon Jai Chun Hyuk Soon Choi Bora Keum Hong Bae Kim Jong Hyuk Kim |
| author_sort | Han Jo Jeon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The regulation of apoptosis is the primary goal of ablation therapy. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising non-thermal tissue ablation-based therapy that induces apoptosis by manipulating electrical conditions. This study aimed to investigate IRE-induced gastric tissue apoptosis in response to changes in the electric field intensity, followed by the repair process. Among the 52 rats used in this study, 24 were used to explore apoptosis, and 28 were used to study regeneration. The apoptosis-to-necrosis ratio of the electrical field strength was evaluated using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. The size of IRE-induced ulcers in the gastric tissue continuously increased with increasing electrical intensity (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.830, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The level of apoptosis gradually decreased after peaking at 200 V (1000 V/cm). The size of the 400 V-ablated ulcers continued to decrease, and they were not visible by day 14. The proliferation and migration of epithelial cells with fibroblasts were observed on day 3 and augmented on day 7 post-ablation. This investigation demonstrated the biphasic activation of apoptosis with respect to the electrical field strength. Visually and histologically, IRE-induced gastric ulcers demonstrated complete tissue regeneration after two weeks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:47:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-750304f5118a4d348bb5dcb4a6ccf818 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:47:50Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-750304f5118a4d348bb5dcb4a6ccf8182024-04-12T13:16:13ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942024-03-01167138910.3390/cancers16071389Biphasic Regulation of Apoptosis Following Gastric Irreversible Electroporation Using Tissue Immunohistochemistry of Activated Caspase-3 with TUNEL MethodHan Jo Jeon0Hoon Jai Chun1Hyuk Soon Choi2Bora Keum3Hong Bae Kim4Jong Hyuk Kim5Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USAThe regulation of apoptosis is the primary goal of ablation therapy. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising non-thermal tissue ablation-based therapy that induces apoptosis by manipulating electrical conditions. This study aimed to investigate IRE-induced gastric tissue apoptosis in response to changes in the electric field intensity, followed by the repair process. Among the 52 rats used in this study, 24 were used to explore apoptosis, and 28 were used to study regeneration. The apoptosis-to-necrosis ratio of the electrical field strength was evaluated using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. The size of IRE-induced ulcers in the gastric tissue continuously increased with increasing electrical intensity (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.830, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The level of apoptosis gradually decreased after peaking at 200 V (1000 V/cm). The size of the 400 V-ablated ulcers continued to decrease, and they were not visible by day 14. The proliferation and migration of epithelial cells with fibroblasts were observed on day 3 and augmented on day 7 post-ablation. This investigation demonstrated the biphasic activation of apoptosis with respect to the electrical field strength. Visually and histologically, IRE-induced gastric ulcers demonstrated complete tissue regeneration after two weeks.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/7/1389irreversible electroporationapoptosisnecrosisregenerationablationstomach |
| spellingShingle | Han Jo Jeon Hoon Jai Chun Hyuk Soon Choi Bora Keum Hong Bae Kim Jong Hyuk Kim Biphasic Regulation of Apoptosis Following Gastric Irreversible Electroporation Using Tissue Immunohistochemistry of Activated Caspase-3 with TUNEL Method Cancers irreversible electroporation apoptosis necrosis regeneration ablation stomach |
| title | Biphasic Regulation of Apoptosis Following Gastric Irreversible Electroporation Using Tissue Immunohistochemistry of Activated Caspase-3 with TUNEL Method |
| title_full | Biphasic Regulation of Apoptosis Following Gastric Irreversible Electroporation Using Tissue Immunohistochemistry of Activated Caspase-3 with TUNEL Method |
| title_fullStr | Biphasic Regulation of Apoptosis Following Gastric Irreversible Electroporation Using Tissue Immunohistochemistry of Activated Caspase-3 with TUNEL Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biphasic Regulation of Apoptosis Following Gastric Irreversible Electroporation Using Tissue Immunohistochemistry of Activated Caspase-3 with TUNEL Method |
| title_short | Biphasic Regulation of Apoptosis Following Gastric Irreversible Electroporation Using Tissue Immunohistochemistry of Activated Caspase-3 with TUNEL Method |
| title_sort | biphasic regulation of apoptosis following gastric irreversible electroporation using tissue immunohistochemistry of activated caspase 3 with tunel method |
| topic | irreversible electroporation apoptosis necrosis regeneration ablation stomach |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/7/1389 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hanjojeon biphasicregulationofapoptosisfollowinggastricirreversibleelectroporationusingtissueimmunohistochemistryofactivatedcaspase3withtunelmethod AT hoonjaichun biphasicregulationofapoptosisfollowinggastricirreversibleelectroporationusingtissueimmunohistochemistryofactivatedcaspase3withtunelmethod AT hyuksoonchoi biphasicregulationofapoptosisfollowinggastricirreversibleelectroporationusingtissueimmunohistochemistryofactivatedcaspase3withtunelmethod AT borakeum biphasicregulationofapoptosisfollowinggastricirreversibleelectroporationusingtissueimmunohistochemistryofactivatedcaspase3withtunelmethod AT hongbaekim biphasicregulationofapoptosisfollowinggastricirreversibleelectroporationusingtissueimmunohistochemistryofactivatedcaspase3withtunelmethod AT jonghyukkim biphasicregulationofapoptosisfollowinggastricirreversibleelectroporationusingtissueimmunohistochemistryofactivatedcaspase3withtunelmethod |