Physiological Essence of Magnesium in Plants and Its Widespread Deficiency in the Farming System of China
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential nutrient for a wide array of fundamental physiological and biochemical processes in plants. It largely involves chlorophyll synthesis, production, transportation, and utilization of photoassimilates, enzyme activation, and protein synthesis. As a multifaceted result of...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.802274/full |
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| author | Muhammad Ishfaq Yongqi Wang Minwen Yan Zheng Wang Liangquan Wu Chunjian Li Chunjian Li Xuexian Li |
| author_facet | Muhammad Ishfaq Yongqi Wang Minwen Yan Zheng Wang Liangquan Wu Chunjian Li Chunjian Li Xuexian Li |
| author_sort | Muhammad Ishfaq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Magnesium (Mg) is an essential nutrient for a wide array of fundamental physiological and biochemical processes in plants. It largely involves chlorophyll synthesis, production, transportation, and utilization of photoassimilates, enzyme activation, and protein synthesis. As a multifaceted result of the introduction of high-yielding fertilizer-responsive cultivars, intensive cropping without replenishment of Mg, soil acidification, and exchangeable Mg (Ex-Mg) leaching, Mg has become a limiting nutrient for optimum crop production. However, little literature is available to better understand distinct responses of plants to Mg deficiency, the geographical distribution of soil Ex-Mg, and the degree of Mg deficiency. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge of key plant responses to Mg availability and, as far as possible, highlight spatial Mg distribution and the magnitude of Mg deficiency in different cultivated regions of the world with a special focus on China. In particular, ~55% of arable lands in China are revealed Mg-deficient (< 120 mg kg−1 soil Ex-Mg), and Mg deficiency literally becomes increasingly severe from northern (227–488 mg kg−1) to southern (32–89 mg kg−1) China. Mg deficiency primarily traced back to higher depletion of soil Ex-Mg by fruits, vegetables, sugarcane, tubers, tea, and tobacco cultivated in tropical and subtropical climate zones. Further, each unit decline in soil pH from neutral reduced ~2-fold soil Ex-Mg. This article underscores the physiological importance of Mg, potential risks associated with Mg deficiency, and accordingly, to optimize fertilization strategies for higher crop productivity and better quality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:40:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7503ccb4b39646e994d82cde922e8ceb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:40:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-7503ccb4b39646e994d82cde922e8ceb2022-12-22T02:24:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-04-011310.3389/fpls.2022.802274802274Physiological Essence of Magnesium in Plants and Its Widespread Deficiency in the Farming System of ChinaMuhammad Ishfaq0Yongqi Wang1Minwen Yan2Zheng Wang3Liangquan Wu4Chunjian Li5Chunjian Li6Xuexian Li7Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaShaanxi Forestry Bureau, Xi'an, ChinaInternational Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaInternational Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaMagnesium (Mg) is an essential nutrient for a wide array of fundamental physiological and biochemical processes in plants. It largely involves chlorophyll synthesis, production, transportation, and utilization of photoassimilates, enzyme activation, and protein synthesis. As a multifaceted result of the introduction of high-yielding fertilizer-responsive cultivars, intensive cropping without replenishment of Mg, soil acidification, and exchangeable Mg (Ex-Mg) leaching, Mg has become a limiting nutrient for optimum crop production. However, little literature is available to better understand distinct responses of plants to Mg deficiency, the geographical distribution of soil Ex-Mg, and the degree of Mg deficiency. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge of key plant responses to Mg availability and, as far as possible, highlight spatial Mg distribution and the magnitude of Mg deficiency in different cultivated regions of the world with a special focus on China. In particular, ~55% of arable lands in China are revealed Mg-deficient (< 120 mg kg−1 soil Ex-Mg), and Mg deficiency literally becomes increasingly severe from northern (227–488 mg kg−1) to southern (32–89 mg kg−1) China. Mg deficiency primarily traced back to higher depletion of soil Ex-Mg by fruits, vegetables, sugarcane, tubers, tea, and tobacco cultivated in tropical and subtropical climate zones. Further, each unit decline in soil pH from neutral reduced ~2-fold soil Ex-Mg. This article underscores the physiological importance of Mg, potential risks associated with Mg deficiency, and accordingly, to optimize fertilization strategies for higher crop productivity and better quality.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.802274/fullmagnesium deficiencyphysiological functionsphotosynthetic activitycrop yield and qualityMg transporter family (MRS2/MGT)China's agricultural system |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Ishfaq Yongqi Wang Minwen Yan Zheng Wang Liangquan Wu Chunjian Li Chunjian Li Xuexian Li Physiological Essence of Magnesium in Plants and Its Widespread Deficiency in the Farming System of China Frontiers in Plant Science magnesium deficiency physiological functions photosynthetic activity crop yield and quality Mg transporter family (MRS2/MGT) China's agricultural system |
| title | Physiological Essence of Magnesium in Plants and Its Widespread Deficiency in the Farming System of China |
| title_full | Physiological Essence of Magnesium in Plants and Its Widespread Deficiency in the Farming System of China |
| title_fullStr | Physiological Essence of Magnesium in Plants and Its Widespread Deficiency in the Farming System of China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiological Essence of Magnesium in Plants and Its Widespread Deficiency in the Farming System of China |
| title_short | Physiological Essence of Magnesium in Plants and Its Widespread Deficiency in the Farming System of China |
| title_sort | physiological essence of magnesium in plants and its widespread deficiency in the farming system of china |
| topic | magnesium deficiency physiological functions photosynthetic activity crop yield and quality Mg transporter family (MRS2/MGT) China's agricultural system |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.802274/full |
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