Is It Easy to Synchronize Our Minds When We Are Forced to Cooperate?

There is increasing scientific interest in elucidating the biological mechanisms underlying cooperative behaviors. Humans have developed a high degree of complexity in their cooperativity, which has been defined as hyper-cooperativity. An interesting biological marker to study how two individuals ar...

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Main Authors: Ángel Romero-Martínez, Alejandro Rodríguez, Luis Moya-Albiol
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-10-01
Series:Brain Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/9/10/282
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author Ángel Romero-Martínez
Alejandro Rodríguez
Luis Moya-Albiol
author_facet Ángel Romero-Martínez
Alejandro Rodríguez
Luis Moya-Albiol
author_sort Ángel Romero-Martínez
collection DOAJ
description There is increasing scientific interest in elucidating the biological mechanisms underlying cooperative behaviors. Humans have developed a high degree of complexity in their cooperativity, which has been defined as hyper-cooperativity. An interesting biological marker to study how two individuals are emotionally linked when they cooperate is their psychophysiological synchronization (the overlapping of signals as indicators of Autonomous Nervous System activation). Hence, the main aim of this study was to explore participants&#8217; psychophysiological synchronization, based on electrocardiograms (ECG) and galvanic skin response (GSR) signals in a sample of strangers who were set up to cooperate (<i>n</i> = 29 pairs of same sex strangers; mean age = 20.52 &#177; 1.72), compared to participants who were forced to compete (<i>n</i> = 22 pairs of same sex strangers; mean age = 20.45 &#177; 1.53) in a laboratory setting. Moreover, the roles of the participants&#8217; gender and the outcomes (positive or negative) obtained in the cooperation were examined as potential moderators of this psychophysiological synchronization. Results showed a progressive increase in ECG and GSR signal synchronization in participants who cooperated, reaching the highest levels of synchronization during the recovery period. Moreover, cooperation induced higher GSR synchronization in comparison with competition. Finally, although gender played an important role in the psychophysiological synchronization during cooperation (women presented the highest overlapping of GSR signals), feedback about the participants&#8217; performance was not significantly associated with their psychophysiological synchronization. Therefore, research in this field would help us to understand more about the body&#8217;s physiological responses to different types of social interactions, such as cooperation and competition, providing an opportunity to establish interaction strategies that would be physiologically desirable.
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spelling doaj.art-7521067b01ac4b3c9177e9a171e031cb2022-12-21T18:44:45ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252019-10-0191028210.3390/brainsci9100282brainsci9100282Is It Easy to Synchronize Our Minds When We Are Forced to Cooperate?Ángel Romero-Martínez0Alejandro Rodríguez1Luis Moya-Albiol2Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, SpainBiomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230), La Fe Health Research Institute, 46026 Valencia, SpainBiomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230), La Fe Health Research Institute, 46026 Valencia, SpainThere is increasing scientific interest in elucidating the biological mechanisms underlying cooperative behaviors. Humans have developed a high degree of complexity in their cooperativity, which has been defined as hyper-cooperativity. An interesting biological marker to study how two individuals are emotionally linked when they cooperate is their psychophysiological synchronization (the overlapping of signals as indicators of Autonomous Nervous System activation). Hence, the main aim of this study was to explore participants&#8217; psychophysiological synchronization, based on electrocardiograms (ECG) and galvanic skin response (GSR) signals in a sample of strangers who were set up to cooperate (<i>n</i> = 29 pairs of same sex strangers; mean age = 20.52 &#177; 1.72), compared to participants who were forced to compete (<i>n</i> = 22 pairs of same sex strangers; mean age = 20.45 &#177; 1.53) in a laboratory setting. Moreover, the roles of the participants&#8217; gender and the outcomes (positive or negative) obtained in the cooperation were examined as potential moderators of this psychophysiological synchronization. Results showed a progressive increase in ECG and GSR signal synchronization in participants who cooperated, reaching the highest levels of synchronization during the recovery period. Moreover, cooperation induced higher GSR synchronization in comparison with competition. Finally, although gender played an important role in the psychophysiological synchronization during cooperation (women presented the highest overlapping of GSR signals), feedback about the participants&#8217; performance was not significantly associated with their psychophysiological synchronization. Therefore, research in this field would help us to understand more about the body&#8217;s physiological responses to different types of social interactions, such as cooperation and competition, providing an opportunity to establish interaction strategies that would be physiologically desirable.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/9/10/282competitioncooperationgenderpsychophysiologysynchronization
spellingShingle Ángel Romero-Martínez
Alejandro Rodríguez
Luis Moya-Albiol
Is It Easy to Synchronize Our Minds When We Are Forced to Cooperate?
Brain Sciences
competition
cooperation
gender
psychophysiology
synchronization
title Is It Easy to Synchronize Our Minds When We Are Forced to Cooperate?
title_full Is It Easy to Synchronize Our Minds When We Are Forced to Cooperate?
title_fullStr Is It Easy to Synchronize Our Minds When We Are Forced to Cooperate?
title_full_unstemmed Is It Easy to Synchronize Our Minds When We Are Forced to Cooperate?
title_short Is It Easy to Synchronize Our Minds When We Are Forced to Cooperate?
title_sort is it easy to synchronize our minds when we are forced to cooperate
topic competition
cooperation
gender
psychophysiology
synchronization
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/9/10/282
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