Pseudolites to Support Location Services in Smart Cities: Review and Prospects
The location service is an important part of the smart city. A unified location service for outdoor and indoor/overground and underground activity will assist the construction of smart cities. However, with different coordinate systems and data formats, it is difficult to unify various positioning t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Smart Cities |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/6/4/96 |
| _version_ | 1797583212685295616 |
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| author | Tong Liu Jian Liu Jing Wang Heng Zhang Bing Zhang Yongchao Ma Mengfei Sun Zhiping Lv Guochang Xu |
| author_facet | Tong Liu Jian Liu Jing Wang Heng Zhang Bing Zhang Yongchao Ma Mengfei Sun Zhiping Lv Guochang Xu |
| author_sort | Tong Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The location service is an important part of the smart city. A unified location service for outdoor and indoor/overground and underground activity will assist the construction of smart cities. However, with different coordinate systems and data formats, it is difficult to unify various positioning technologies on the same basis. Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based positioning is the only way to provide absolute location under the Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system (ECEF). Increasing indoor and underground human activity places significant demand on location-based services but no GNSS signals are available there. Fortunately, a type of satellite that is indoors, known as pseudolite, can transmit GNSS-like ranging signals. Users can obtain their position by receiving ranging signals and their resection without adding or switching other sensors when they go from outdoors to indoors. To complete the outreach of the GNSS indoors and underground to support the smart city, how to adapt the pseudolite design and unify coordinate frames for linking to the GNSS remain to be determined. In this regard, we provide an overview of the history of the research and application of pseudolites, the research progress from both the system side and the user side, and the plans for pseudolite-based location services in smart cities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:35:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7524ae5097cd4bbd998d922cdc4aacb7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-6511 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:35:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Smart Cities |
| spelling | doaj.art-7524ae5097cd4bbd998d922cdc4aacb72023-11-19T03:00:37ZengMDPI AGSmart Cities2624-65112023-08-01642081210510.3390/smartcities6040096Pseudolites to Support Location Services in Smart Cities: Review and ProspectsTong Liu0Jian Liu1Jing Wang2Heng Zhang3Bing Zhang4Yongchao Ma5Mengfei Sun6Zhiping Lv7Guochang Xu8Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen 518000, ChinaInstitute of Space Science and Applied Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518000, ChinaWuhan Mengxin Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Satellite Navigation System and Equipment Technology, The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang 050081, ChinaInstitute of Space Science and Applied Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518000, ChinaInstitute of Space Science and Applied Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518000, ChinaInstitute of Space Science and Applied Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518000, ChinaInstitute of Space Science and Applied Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen 518000, ChinaThe location service is an important part of the smart city. A unified location service for outdoor and indoor/overground and underground activity will assist the construction of smart cities. However, with different coordinate systems and data formats, it is difficult to unify various positioning technologies on the same basis. Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based positioning is the only way to provide absolute location under the Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system (ECEF). Increasing indoor and underground human activity places significant demand on location-based services but no GNSS signals are available there. Fortunately, a type of satellite that is indoors, known as pseudolite, can transmit GNSS-like ranging signals. Users can obtain their position by receiving ranging signals and their resection without adding or switching other sensors when they go from outdoors to indoors. To complete the outreach of the GNSS indoors and underground to support the smart city, how to adapt the pseudolite design and unify coordinate frames for linking to the GNSS remain to be determined. In this regard, we provide an overview of the history of the research and application of pseudolites, the research progress from both the system side and the user side, and the plans for pseudolite-based location services in smart cities.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/6/4/96pseudoliteindoor positioningspatial datumseamless navigationGNSSPNT |
| spellingShingle | Tong Liu Jian Liu Jing Wang Heng Zhang Bing Zhang Yongchao Ma Mengfei Sun Zhiping Lv Guochang Xu Pseudolites to Support Location Services in Smart Cities: Review and Prospects Smart Cities pseudolite indoor positioning spatial datum seamless navigation GNSS PNT |
| title | Pseudolites to Support Location Services in Smart Cities: Review and Prospects |
| title_full | Pseudolites to Support Location Services in Smart Cities: Review and Prospects |
| title_fullStr | Pseudolites to Support Location Services in Smart Cities: Review and Prospects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pseudolites to Support Location Services in Smart Cities: Review and Prospects |
| title_short | Pseudolites to Support Location Services in Smart Cities: Review and Prospects |
| title_sort | pseudolites to support location services in smart cities review and prospects |
| topic | pseudolite indoor positioning spatial datum seamless navigation GNSS PNT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/6/4/96 |
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