High-Proportion Blue Light Irradiation at the End-of-Production Stage Promotes the Biosynthesis and Recycling of Ascorbate in Lettuce
Ascorbate (AsA), an essential antioxidant for both plants and the human body, plays a vital role in maintaining proper functionality. Light plays an important role in metabolism of AsA in horticultural plants. Our previous research has revealed that subjecting lettuce to high light irradiation (HLI)...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16524 |
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| author | Chengbo Zhou Zonggeng Li Wenke Liu Zhonghua Bian Wei Lu Bo Zhou Sen Wang Qingming Li Qichang Yang |
| author_facet | Chengbo Zhou Zonggeng Li Wenke Liu Zhonghua Bian Wei Lu Bo Zhou Sen Wang Qingming Li Qichang Yang |
| author_sort | Chengbo Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ascorbate (AsA), an essential antioxidant for both plants and the human body, plays a vital role in maintaining proper functionality. Light plays an important role in metabolism of AsA in horticultural plants. Our previous research has revealed that subjecting lettuce to high light irradiation (HLI) (500 μmol·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>) at the end-of-production (EOP) stage effectively enhances AsA levels, while the optimal light quality for AsA accumulation is still unknown. In this study, four combinations of red (R) and blue (B) light spectra with the ratio of 1:1 (1R1B), 2:1 (2R1B), 3:1 (3R1B), and 4:1 (4R1B) were applied to investigate the biosynthesis and recycling of AsA in lettuce. The results demonstrated that the AsA/total-AsA content in lettuce leaves was notably augmented upon exposure to 1R1B and 2R1B. Interestingly, AsA levels across all treatments increased rapidly at the early stage (2–8 h) of irradiation, while they increased slowly at the late stage (8–16 h). The activity of L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase was augmented under 1R1B treatment, which is pivotal to AsA production. Additionally, the activities of enzymes key to AsA cycling were enhanced by 1R1B and 2R1B treatments, including ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase. Notably, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde accumulation increased dramatically following 16 h of 1R1B and 2R1B treatments. In addition, although soluble sugar and starch contents were enhanced by EOP-HLI, this effect was comparatively subdued under the 1R1B treatment. Overall, these results indicated that AsA accumulation was improved by irradiation with a blue light proportion of over 50% in lettuce, aligning with the heightened activities of key enzymes responsible for AsA synthesis, as well as the accrual of hydrogen peroxide. The effective strategy holds the potential to enhance the nutritional quality of lettuce while bolstering its antioxidant defenses. |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:45:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-753883962ebe4cc8ba622ca66a0b3ca32023-11-24T14:48:04ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-11-0124221652410.3390/ijms242216524High-Proportion Blue Light Irradiation at the End-of-Production Stage Promotes the Biosynthesis and Recycling of Ascorbate in LettuceChengbo Zhou0Zonggeng Li1Wenke Liu2Zhonghua Bian3Wei Lu4Bo Zhou5Sen Wang6Qingming Li7Qichang Yang8Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Chengdu 610213, ChinaInstitute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Chengdu 610213, ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Chengdu 610213, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, ChinaInstitute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Chengdu 610213, ChinaInstitute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Chengdu 610213, ChinaInstitute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Chengdu 610213, ChinaInstitute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Chengdu 610213, ChinaAscorbate (AsA), an essential antioxidant for both plants and the human body, plays a vital role in maintaining proper functionality. Light plays an important role in metabolism of AsA in horticultural plants. Our previous research has revealed that subjecting lettuce to high light irradiation (HLI) (500 μmol·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>) at the end-of-production (EOP) stage effectively enhances AsA levels, while the optimal light quality for AsA accumulation is still unknown. In this study, four combinations of red (R) and blue (B) light spectra with the ratio of 1:1 (1R1B), 2:1 (2R1B), 3:1 (3R1B), and 4:1 (4R1B) were applied to investigate the biosynthesis and recycling of AsA in lettuce. The results demonstrated that the AsA/total-AsA content in lettuce leaves was notably augmented upon exposure to 1R1B and 2R1B. Interestingly, AsA levels across all treatments increased rapidly at the early stage (2–8 h) of irradiation, while they increased slowly at the late stage (8–16 h). The activity of L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase was augmented under 1R1B treatment, which is pivotal to AsA production. Additionally, the activities of enzymes key to AsA cycling were enhanced by 1R1B and 2R1B treatments, including ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase. Notably, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde accumulation increased dramatically following 16 h of 1R1B and 2R1B treatments. In addition, although soluble sugar and starch contents were enhanced by EOP-HLI, this effect was comparatively subdued under the 1R1B treatment. Overall, these results indicated that AsA accumulation was improved by irradiation with a blue light proportion of over 50% in lettuce, aligning with the heightened activities of key enzymes responsible for AsA synthesis, as well as the accrual of hydrogen peroxide. The effective strategy holds the potential to enhance the nutritional quality of lettuce while bolstering its antioxidant defenses.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16524antioxidantreactive oxygen specieslight qualityplant factoryenzyme activity |
| spellingShingle | Chengbo Zhou Zonggeng Li Wenke Liu Zhonghua Bian Wei Lu Bo Zhou Sen Wang Qingming Li Qichang Yang High-Proportion Blue Light Irradiation at the End-of-Production Stage Promotes the Biosynthesis and Recycling of Ascorbate in Lettuce International Journal of Molecular Sciences antioxidant reactive oxygen species light quality plant factory enzyme activity |
| title | High-Proportion Blue Light Irradiation at the End-of-Production Stage Promotes the Biosynthesis and Recycling of Ascorbate in Lettuce |
| title_full | High-Proportion Blue Light Irradiation at the End-of-Production Stage Promotes the Biosynthesis and Recycling of Ascorbate in Lettuce |
| title_fullStr | High-Proportion Blue Light Irradiation at the End-of-Production Stage Promotes the Biosynthesis and Recycling of Ascorbate in Lettuce |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Proportion Blue Light Irradiation at the End-of-Production Stage Promotes the Biosynthesis and Recycling of Ascorbate in Lettuce |
| title_short | High-Proportion Blue Light Irradiation at the End-of-Production Stage Promotes the Biosynthesis and Recycling of Ascorbate in Lettuce |
| title_sort | high proportion blue light irradiation at the end of production stage promotes the biosynthesis and recycling of ascorbate in lettuce |
| topic | antioxidant reactive oxygen species light quality plant factory enzyme activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16524 |
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