Spectrum of Infection and Risk Factors for Human Monkeypox, United States, 2003
For the 2003 monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak in the United States, interhuman transmission was not documented and all case-patients were near or handled MPXV-infected prairie dogs. We initiated a case–control study to evaluate risk factors for animal-to-human MPXV transmission. Participants complete...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2007-09-01
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| Series: | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/13/9/07-0175_article |
| _version_ | 1818339568274898944 |
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| author | Mary G. Reynolds Whitni B. Davidson Aaron T. Curns Craig S. Conover Gregory Huhn Jeffrey P. Davis Mark Wegner Donita R. Croft Alexandra Newman Nkolika N. Obiesie Gail R. Hansen Patrick L. Hays Pamela Pontones Brad Beard Robert Teclaw James F. Howell Zachary Braden Robert C. Holman Kevin L. Karem Inger K. Damon |
| author_facet | Mary G. Reynolds Whitni B. Davidson Aaron T. Curns Craig S. Conover Gregory Huhn Jeffrey P. Davis Mark Wegner Donita R. Croft Alexandra Newman Nkolika N. Obiesie Gail R. Hansen Patrick L. Hays Pamela Pontones Brad Beard Robert Teclaw James F. Howell Zachary Braden Robert C. Holman Kevin L. Karem Inger K. Damon |
| author_sort | Mary G. Reynolds |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For the 2003 monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak in the United States, interhuman transmission was not documented and all case-patients were near or handled MPXV-infected prairie dogs. We initiated a case–control study to evaluate risk factors for animal-to-human MPXV transmission. Participants completed a questionnaire requesting exposure, clinical, and demographic information. Serum samples were obtained for analysis of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM to orthopoxvirus. When data were adjusted for smallpox vaccination, case-patients were more likely than controls to have had daily exposure to a sick animal (odds ratio [OR] 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–13.4), cleaned cages and bedding of a sick animal (OR 5.3, 95% CI 1.4–20.7), or touched a sick animal (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.2–13.4). These findings demonstrate that human MPXV infection is associated with handling of MPXV-infected animals and suggest that exposure to excretions and secretions of infected animals can result in infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T15:29:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-753ed4904cad4bf89c48dd7e9de6961a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1080-6040 1080-6059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T15:29:04Z |
| publishDate | 2007-09-01 |
| publisher | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-753ed4904cad4bf89c48dd7e9de6961a2022-12-21T23:40:15ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592007-09-011391332133210.3201/eid1309.070175Spectrum of Infection and Risk Factors for Human Monkeypox, United States, 2003Mary G. ReynoldsWhitni B. DavidsonAaron T. CurnsCraig S. ConoverGregory HuhnJeffrey P. DavisMark WegnerDonita R. CroftAlexandra NewmanNkolika N. ObiesieGail R. HansenPatrick L. HaysPamela PontonesBrad BeardRobert TeclawJames F. HowellZachary BradenRobert C. HolmanKevin L. KaremInger K. DamonFor the 2003 monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak in the United States, interhuman transmission was not documented and all case-patients were near or handled MPXV-infected prairie dogs. We initiated a case–control study to evaluate risk factors for animal-to-human MPXV transmission. Participants completed a questionnaire requesting exposure, clinical, and demographic information. Serum samples were obtained for analysis of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM to orthopoxvirus. When data were adjusted for smallpox vaccination, case-patients were more likely than controls to have had daily exposure to a sick animal (odds ratio [OR] 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–13.4), cleaned cages and bedding of a sick animal (OR 5.3, 95% CI 1.4–20.7), or touched a sick animal (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.2–13.4). These findings demonstrate that human MPXV infection is associated with handling of MPXV-infected animals and suggest that exposure to excretions and secretions of infected animals can result in infection.https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/13/9/07-0175_articleMonkeypoxepidemiologyrisk factorsmallpox vaccinationzoonoticsubclinical infection |
| spellingShingle | Mary G. Reynolds Whitni B. Davidson Aaron T. Curns Craig S. Conover Gregory Huhn Jeffrey P. Davis Mark Wegner Donita R. Croft Alexandra Newman Nkolika N. Obiesie Gail R. Hansen Patrick L. Hays Pamela Pontones Brad Beard Robert Teclaw James F. Howell Zachary Braden Robert C. Holman Kevin L. Karem Inger K. Damon Spectrum of Infection and Risk Factors for Human Monkeypox, United States, 2003 Emerging Infectious Diseases Monkeypox epidemiology risk factor smallpox vaccination zoonotic subclinical infection |
| title | Spectrum of Infection and Risk Factors for Human Monkeypox, United States, 2003 |
| title_full | Spectrum of Infection and Risk Factors for Human Monkeypox, United States, 2003 |
| title_fullStr | Spectrum of Infection and Risk Factors for Human Monkeypox, United States, 2003 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spectrum of Infection and Risk Factors for Human Monkeypox, United States, 2003 |
| title_short | Spectrum of Infection and Risk Factors for Human Monkeypox, United States, 2003 |
| title_sort | spectrum of infection and risk factors for human monkeypox united states 2003 |
| topic | Monkeypox epidemiology risk factor smallpox vaccination zoonotic subclinical infection |
| url | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/13/9/07-0175_article |
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