1-Bit Transmission-Type Digital Programmable Coding Metasurface with Multi-Functional Beam-Shaping Capability for Ka-Band Applications
Digital programmable coding metasurfaces (DPCMs) have recently attracted enormous attention and have been broadly applied, owing to their ability to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) wave behaviours and programmable multi-functionality. Recent DPCM works are divided into reflection and transmission ty...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/6/1250 |
| _version_ | 1827736359037566976 |
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| author | Aqeel Hussain Naqvi Duc Anh Pham Syed Imran Hussain Shah Sungjoon Lim |
| author_facet | Aqeel Hussain Naqvi Duc Anh Pham Syed Imran Hussain Shah Sungjoon Lim |
| author_sort | Aqeel Hussain Naqvi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Digital programmable coding metasurfaces (DPCMs) have recently attracted enormous attention and have been broadly applied, owing to their ability to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) wave behaviours and programmable multi-functionality. Recent DPCM works are divided into reflection and transmission types (R-DPCM and T-DPCM, respectively); however, there are only a few reported T-DPCM works in the millimetre-wave spectrum, owing to the difficulty of realising the large-phase controllable range while maintaining low transmission losses with electronic control components. Consequently, most millimetre-wave T-DPCMs are demonstrated only with limited functions in a single design. Additionally, all these designs use high-cost substrate materials that constrain practical applicability, owing to cost-ineffectiveness. Herein, we propose a 1-bit T-DPCM that simultaneously performs three dynamic beam-shaping functions with a single structure for millimetre-wave applications. The proposed structure is completely constructed using low-cost FR-4 materials, and operation of each meta-cell is manipulated using PIN-diodes, thus driving the achievement of multiple effective dynamic functionalities including dual-beam scanning, multi-beam shaping, and orbital-angular-momentum-mode generation. It should be noted that there are no reported millimetre-wave T-DPCMs demonstrating multi-function design, thus showing a gap in the recent literature of millimetre-wave T-DPCMs. Moreover, cost-effectiveness can be significantly enhanced, owing to the construction of the proposed T-DPCM using only low-cost material. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:09:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-753ef77250d84cf2852de09fa485082d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:09:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-753ef77250d84cf2852de09fa485082d2023-11-18T11:40:28ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2023-06-01146125010.3390/mi140612501-Bit Transmission-Type Digital Programmable Coding Metasurface with Multi-Functional Beam-Shaping Capability for Ka-Band ApplicationsAqeel Hussain Naqvi0Duc Anh Pham1Syed Imran Hussain Shah2Sungjoon Lim3School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of KoreaSchool of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of KoreaSchool of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of KoreaSchool of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of KoreaDigital programmable coding metasurfaces (DPCMs) have recently attracted enormous attention and have been broadly applied, owing to their ability to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) wave behaviours and programmable multi-functionality. Recent DPCM works are divided into reflection and transmission types (R-DPCM and T-DPCM, respectively); however, there are only a few reported T-DPCM works in the millimetre-wave spectrum, owing to the difficulty of realising the large-phase controllable range while maintaining low transmission losses with electronic control components. Consequently, most millimetre-wave T-DPCMs are demonstrated only with limited functions in a single design. Additionally, all these designs use high-cost substrate materials that constrain practical applicability, owing to cost-ineffectiveness. Herein, we propose a 1-bit T-DPCM that simultaneously performs three dynamic beam-shaping functions with a single structure for millimetre-wave applications. The proposed structure is completely constructed using low-cost FR-4 materials, and operation of each meta-cell is manipulated using PIN-diodes, thus driving the achievement of multiple effective dynamic functionalities including dual-beam scanning, multi-beam shaping, and orbital-angular-momentum-mode generation. It should be noted that there are no reported millimetre-wave T-DPCMs demonstrating multi-function design, thus showing a gap in the recent literature of millimetre-wave T-DPCMs. Moreover, cost-effectiveness can be significantly enhanced, owing to the construction of the proposed T-DPCM using only low-cost material.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/6/1250transmissive metasurfacedigital coding metasurfacemulti-functionalbeam shaping |
| spellingShingle | Aqeel Hussain Naqvi Duc Anh Pham Syed Imran Hussain Shah Sungjoon Lim 1-Bit Transmission-Type Digital Programmable Coding Metasurface with Multi-Functional Beam-Shaping Capability for Ka-Band Applications Micromachines transmissive metasurface digital coding metasurface multi-functional beam shaping |
| title | 1-Bit Transmission-Type Digital Programmable Coding Metasurface with Multi-Functional Beam-Shaping Capability for Ka-Band Applications |
| title_full | 1-Bit Transmission-Type Digital Programmable Coding Metasurface with Multi-Functional Beam-Shaping Capability for Ka-Band Applications |
| title_fullStr | 1-Bit Transmission-Type Digital Programmable Coding Metasurface with Multi-Functional Beam-Shaping Capability for Ka-Band Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | 1-Bit Transmission-Type Digital Programmable Coding Metasurface with Multi-Functional Beam-Shaping Capability for Ka-Band Applications |
| title_short | 1-Bit Transmission-Type Digital Programmable Coding Metasurface with Multi-Functional Beam-Shaping Capability for Ka-Band Applications |
| title_sort | 1 bit transmission type digital programmable coding metasurface with multi functional beam shaping capability for ka band applications |
| topic | transmissive metasurface digital coding metasurface multi-functional beam shaping |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/6/1250 |
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