Antiviral response elicited against avian influenza virus infection following activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)7 signaling pathway is attributable to interleukin (IL)-1β production
Abstract Objective Single stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) binds to toll-like receptor (TLR)7 leading to recruitment of immune cells and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which has been shown in mammals. In chickens, ssRNA has been shown to elicit antiviral response against infectious bursa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Research Notes |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13104-018-3975-4 |
| _version_ | 1828767747880779776 |
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| author | Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader Upasama De Silva Senapathi Eva Nagy Shayan Sharif Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem |
| author_facet | Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader Upasama De Silva Senapathi Eva Nagy Shayan Sharif Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem |
| author_sort | Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective Single stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) binds to toll-like receptor (TLR)7 leading to recruitment of immune cells and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which has been shown in mammals. In chickens, ssRNA has been shown to elicit antiviral response against infectious bursal disease virus infection. The objectives of this study were to determine the pro-inflammatory mediators that are activated downstream of TLR7 signaling pathway in avian macrophages and their roles in antiviral response against avian influenza virus (AIV) infection. Results In this study, first, we stimulated avian macrophages with the analog of ssRNA, resiquimod, and found that the ssRNA was capable of increasing nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in avian macrophages. Second, we observed when the avian macrophages were stimulated with ssRNA, it elicits an antiviral response against AIV. Finally, we demonstrated that when we blocked the IL-1β response using IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and the NO production using a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), N-([3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methyl)ethanimidamide dihydrochloride (1400 W), the antiviral response against AIV is attributable to IL-1β production and not to the NO production. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of antiviral response mediated by ssRNA, particularly against AIV infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:33:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7561bed3f6b44bfda708f960bcafb10e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-0500 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:33:19Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Research Notes |
| spelling | doaj.art-7561bed3f6b44bfda708f960bcafb10e2022-12-22T01:15:46ZengBMCBMC Research Notes1756-05002018-12-011111710.1186/s13104-018-3975-4Antiviral response elicited against avian influenza virus infection following activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)7 signaling pathway is attributable to interleukin (IL)-1β productionMohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader0Upasama De Silva Senapathi1Eva Nagy2Shayan Sharif3Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem4Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C53Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C53Department of Pathobiology, University of GuelphDepartment of Pathobiology, University of GuelphFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C53Abstract Objective Single stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) binds to toll-like receptor (TLR)7 leading to recruitment of immune cells and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which has been shown in mammals. In chickens, ssRNA has been shown to elicit antiviral response against infectious bursal disease virus infection. The objectives of this study were to determine the pro-inflammatory mediators that are activated downstream of TLR7 signaling pathway in avian macrophages and their roles in antiviral response against avian influenza virus (AIV) infection. Results In this study, first, we stimulated avian macrophages with the analog of ssRNA, resiquimod, and found that the ssRNA was capable of increasing nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in avian macrophages. Second, we observed when the avian macrophages were stimulated with ssRNA, it elicits an antiviral response against AIV. Finally, we demonstrated that when we blocked the IL-1β response using IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and the NO production using a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), N-([3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methyl)ethanimidamide dihydrochloride (1400 W), the antiviral response against AIV is attributable to IL-1β production and not to the NO production. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of antiviral response mediated by ssRNA, particularly against AIV infection.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13104-018-3975-4ResiquimodssRNAMacrophageAvian influenza virusNitric oxideInterleukin 1β |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader Upasama De Silva Senapathi Eva Nagy Shayan Sharif Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem Antiviral response elicited against avian influenza virus infection following activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)7 signaling pathway is attributable to interleukin (IL)-1β production BMC Research Notes Resiquimod ssRNA Macrophage Avian influenza virus Nitric oxide Interleukin 1β |
| title | Antiviral response elicited against avian influenza virus infection following activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)7 signaling pathway is attributable to interleukin (IL)-1β production |
| title_full | Antiviral response elicited against avian influenza virus infection following activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)7 signaling pathway is attributable to interleukin (IL)-1β production |
| title_fullStr | Antiviral response elicited against avian influenza virus infection following activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)7 signaling pathway is attributable to interleukin (IL)-1β production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antiviral response elicited against avian influenza virus infection following activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)7 signaling pathway is attributable to interleukin (IL)-1β production |
| title_short | Antiviral response elicited against avian influenza virus infection following activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)7 signaling pathway is attributable to interleukin (IL)-1β production |
| title_sort | antiviral response elicited against avian influenza virus infection following activation of toll like receptor tlr 7 signaling pathway is attributable to interleukin il 1β production |
| topic | Resiquimod ssRNA Macrophage Avian influenza virus Nitric oxide Interleukin 1β |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13104-018-3975-4 |
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