Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Embryos
Exposure to even low concentrations of heavy metals can be toxic to aquatic organisms, especially during embryonic development. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity of nickel and cadmium in zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) embryos exposed to environmentally relevant concentra...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-10-01
|
| Series: | Water |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/11/3005 |
| _version_ | 1797549818660257792 |
|---|---|
| author | Seyed Javid Aldavood Louise C. Abbott Zachary R. Evans Daniel J. Griffin MaKenzie D. Lee Natalia M. Quintero-Arevalo Alice R. Villalobos |
| author_facet | Seyed Javid Aldavood Louise C. Abbott Zachary R. Evans Daniel J. Griffin MaKenzie D. Lee Natalia M. Quintero-Arevalo Alice R. Villalobos |
| author_sort | Seyed Javid Aldavood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exposure to even low concentrations of heavy metals can be toxic to aquatic organisms, especially during embryonic development. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity of nickel and cadmium in zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) embryos exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of each metal alone or in combination from 4 h through to 72 h postfertilization. Neither metal altered survival, but individual and combined exposures decreased hatching rate. Whereas cadmium did not affect total body length, trunk area, eye diameter, or eye area, nickel alone and in combination with cadmium decreased each morphological parameter. Yolk sac area, an index of metabolic rate, was not affected by nickel, but was larger in embryos exposed to high cadmium concentrations or nickel and cadmium combined at high concentrations. Nickel decreased spontaneous movement, whereas cadmium alone or nickel and cadmium combined had no effect. Neither metal altered elicited movement, but nickel and cadmium combined decreased elicited movement. Myosin protein expression in skeletal muscle was not altered by cadmium exposure. However, exposure to nickel at low concentrations and combined exposure to nickel and cadmium decreased myosin expression. Overall, nickel was more toxic than cadmium. In conclusion, we observed that combined exposures had a greater effect on movement than gross morphology, and no significant additive or synergistic interactions were present. These results imply that nickel and cadmium are toxic to developing embryos, even at very low exposure concentrations, and that these metals act via different mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:19:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-75813115752c47cf9c742b8805f9a23a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:19:46Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-75813115752c47cf9c742b8805f9a23a2023-11-20T18:35:53ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412020-10-011211300510.3390/w12113005Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) EmbryosSeyed Javid Aldavood0Louise C. Abbott1Zachary R. Evans2Daniel J. Griffin3MaKenzie D. Lee4Natalia M. Quintero-Arevalo5Alice R. Villalobos6Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USADepartment of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USADepartment of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USADepartment of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USADepartment of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USADepartment of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USADepartment of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USAExposure to even low concentrations of heavy metals can be toxic to aquatic organisms, especially during embryonic development. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity of nickel and cadmium in zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) embryos exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of each metal alone or in combination from 4 h through to 72 h postfertilization. Neither metal altered survival, but individual and combined exposures decreased hatching rate. Whereas cadmium did not affect total body length, trunk area, eye diameter, or eye area, nickel alone and in combination with cadmium decreased each morphological parameter. Yolk sac area, an index of metabolic rate, was not affected by nickel, but was larger in embryos exposed to high cadmium concentrations or nickel and cadmium combined at high concentrations. Nickel decreased spontaneous movement, whereas cadmium alone or nickel and cadmium combined had no effect. Neither metal altered elicited movement, but nickel and cadmium combined decreased elicited movement. Myosin protein expression in skeletal muscle was not altered by cadmium exposure. However, exposure to nickel at low concentrations and combined exposure to nickel and cadmium decreased myosin expression. Overall, nickel was more toxic than cadmium. In conclusion, we observed that combined exposures had a greater effect on movement than gross morphology, and no significant additive or synergistic interactions were present. These results imply that nickel and cadmium are toxic to developing embryos, even at very low exposure concentrations, and that these metals act via different mechanisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/11/3005metalstoxicologydevelopmental toxicityfish |
| spellingShingle | Seyed Javid Aldavood Louise C. Abbott Zachary R. Evans Daniel J. Griffin MaKenzie D. Lee Natalia M. Quintero-Arevalo Alice R. Villalobos Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Embryos Water metals toxicology developmental toxicity fish |
| title | Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Embryos |
| title_full | Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Embryos |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Embryos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Embryos |
| title_short | Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Embryos |
| title_sort | effect of cadmium and nickel exposure on early development in zebrafish i danio rerio i embryos |
| topic | metals toxicology developmental toxicity fish |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/11/3005 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT seyedjavidaldavood effectofcadmiumandnickelexposureonearlydevelopmentinzebrafishidaniorerioiembryos AT louisecabbott effectofcadmiumandnickelexposureonearlydevelopmentinzebrafishidaniorerioiembryos AT zacharyrevans effectofcadmiumandnickelexposureonearlydevelopmentinzebrafishidaniorerioiembryos AT danieljgriffin effectofcadmiumandnickelexposureonearlydevelopmentinzebrafishidaniorerioiembryos AT makenziedlee effectofcadmiumandnickelexposureonearlydevelopmentinzebrafishidaniorerioiembryos AT nataliamquinteroarevalo effectofcadmiumandnickelexposureonearlydevelopmentinzebrafishidaniorerioiembryos AT alicervillalobos effectofcadmiumandnickelexposureonearlydevelopmentinzebrafishidaniorerioiembryos |