Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E
Repurposing vitamins as antiviral supporting agents is a rapid approach used to control emerging viral infections. Although there is considerable evidence supporting the use of vitamin supplementation in viral infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the sp...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/11/2777 |
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| author | Yassmin Moatasim Omnia Kutkat Ahmed M. Osman Mokhtar R. Gomaa Faten Okda Mohamed El Sayes Mina Nabil Kamel Mohamed Gaballah Ahmed Mostafa Rabeh El-Shesheny Ghazi Kayali Mohamed A. Ali Ahmed Kandeil |
| author_facet | Yassmin Moatasim Omnia Kutkat Ahmed M. Osman Mokhtar R. Gomaa Faten Okda Mohamed El Sayes Mina Nabil Kamel Mohamed Gaballah Ahmed Mostafa Rabeh El-Shesheny Ghazi Kayali Mohamed A. Ali Ahmed Kandeil |
| author_sort | Yassmin Moatasim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Repurposing vitamins as antiviral supporting agents is a rapid approach used to control emerging viral infections. Although there is considerable evidence supporting the use of vitamin supplementation in viral infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the specific role of each vitamin in defending against coronaviruses remains unclear. Antiviral activities of available vitamins on the infectivity and replication of human coronaviruses, namely, SARS-CoV-2, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), were investigated using in silico and in vitro studies. We identified potential broad-spectrum inhibitor effects of Hydroxocobalamin and Methylcobalamin against the three tested CoVs. Cyanocobalamin could selectively affect SARS-CoV-2 but not MERS-CoV and HCoV-229E. Methylcobalamin showed significantly higher inhibition values on SARS-CoV-2 compared with Hydroxocobalamin and Cyanocobalamin, while Hydroxocobalamin showed the highest potent antiviral activity against MERS-CoV and Cyanocobalamin against HCoV-229E. Furthermore, in silico studies were performed for these promising vitamins to investigate their interaction with SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and HCoV-229E viral-specific cell receptors (ACE2, DPP4, and hAPN protein, respectively) and viral proteins (S-RBD, 3CL pro, RdRp), suggesting that Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin, and Cyanocobalamin may have significant binding affinity to these proteins. These results show that Methylcobalamin may have potential benefits for coronavirus-infected patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:35:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-759974bd6b564de6bd096b33d6cdfb32 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:35:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-759974bd6b564de6bd096b33d6cdfb322023-11-24T14:57:13ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-11-011111277710.3390/microorganisms11112777Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229EYassmin Moatasim0Omnia Kutkat1Ahmed M. Osman2Mokhtar R. Gomaa3Faten Okda4Mohamed El Sayes5Mina Nabil Kamel6Mohamed Gaballah7Ahmed Mostafa8Rabeh El-Shesheny9Ghazi Kayali10Mohamed A. Ali11Ahmed Kandeil12Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptCenter of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptCenter of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptVeterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptCenter of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptCenter of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptCenter of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptCenter of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptCenter of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptHuman Link, Dubai 115738, United Arab EmiratesCenter of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptCenter of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptRepurposing vitamins as antiviral supporting agents is a rapid approach used to control emerging viral infections. Although there is considerable evidence supporting the use of vitamin supplementation in viral infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the specific role of each vitamin in defending against coronaviruses remains unclear. Antiviral activities of available vitamins on the infectivity and replication of human coronaviruses, namely, SARS-CoV-2, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), were investigated using in silico and in vitro studies. We identified potential broad-spectrum inhibitor effects of Hydroxocobalamin and Methylcobalamin against the three tested CoVs. Cyanocobalamin could selectively affect SARS-CoV-2 but not MERS-CoV and HCoV-229E. Methylcobalamin showed significantly higher inhibition values on SARS-CoV-2 compared with Hydroxocobalamin and Cyanocobalamin, while Hydroxocobalamin showed the highest potent antiviral activity against MERS-CoV and Cyanocobalamin against HCoV-229E. Furthermore, in silico studies were performed for these promising vitamins to investigate their interaction with SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and HCoV-229E viral-specific cell receptors (ACE2, DPP4, and hAPN protein, respectively) and viral proteins (S-RBD, 3CL pro, RdRp), suggesting that Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin, and Cyanocobalamin may have significant binding affinity to these proteins. These results show that Methylcobalamin may have potential benefits for coronavirus-infected patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/11/2777vitaminsantiviral agentvitamin B12SARS-CoV-2MERS-CoVviral infection |
| spellingShingle | Yassmin Moatasim Omnia Kutkat Ahmed M. Osman Mokhtar R. Gomaa Faten Okda Mohamed El Sayes Mina Nabil Kamel Mohamed Gaballah Ahmed Mostafa Rabeh El-Shesheny Ghazi Kayali Mohamed A. Ali Ahmed Kandeil Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E Microorganisms vitamins antiviral agent vitamin B12 SARS-CoV-2 MERS-CoV viral infection |
| title | Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_full | Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_fullStr | Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_short | Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E |
| title_sort | potent antiviral activity of vitamin b12 against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus 229e |
| topic | vitamins antiviral agent vitamin B12 SARS-CoV-2 MERS-CoV viral infection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/11/2777 |
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