Leaf Carbon and Water Isotopes Correlate with Leaf Hydraulic Traits in Three <i>Solanum</i> Species (<i>S. peruvianum</i>, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>)
Leaf hydraulic conductance (<i>K</i><sub>Leaf</sub>) is a measure of the efficiency of water transport through the leaf, which determines physiological parameters such as stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration rates. One key anatomical structure that supports...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/525 |
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| author | Diego Barrera-Ayala Gerardo Tapia Juan Pedro Ferrio |
| author_facet | Diego Barrera-Ayala Gerardo Tapia Juan Pedro Ferrio |
| author_sort | Diego Barrera-Ayala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Leaf hydraulic conductance (<i>K</i><sub>Leaf</sub>) is a measure of the efficiency of water transport through the leaf, which determines physiological parameters such as stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration rates. One key anatomical structure that supports <i>K</i><sub>Leaf</sub> is leaf venation, which could be subject to evolutionary pressure in dry environments. In this context, it is useful to assess these traits in species from arid climates such as <i>S. peruvianum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>, in order to determine their hydraulic strategy and potential aptitude for the improvement of domestic tomato (<i>S. lycopersicum</i>). In this work, we measured <i>K</i><sub>Leaf</sub>, vein density, together with leaf water isotope composition (δ<sup>18</sup>O, δ<sup>2</sup>H) and leaf carbon isotope composition (δ<sup>13</sup>C), from which we derived proxies for outside-vein hydraulic resistance (<i>R</i><sub>ox</sub>) and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE<sub>i</sub>), respectively. The two wild species showed contrasting hydraulic strategies, with <i>S. chilense</i> performing as a water-spender, whereas <i>S. peruvianum</i> showed a water-saving strategy. Interestingly, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> was rather conservative, and showed the highest WUE<sub>i</sub>. The low water transport capacity of <i>S. peruvianum</i> was not explained by vein density traits, but was related with the effective pathlength <i>L</i>, an isotope-derived proxy for <i>R</i><sub>ox</sub>. The low WUE<sub>i</sub> of <i>S. peruvianum</i> suggest strong photosynthetic limitations. Our results show a wide diversity in water-use strategies in the genus, encouraging a detailed characterization of wild relatives. From a methodological point of view, we provide evidence supporting the use of water isotopes to assess changes in mesophyll hydraulic conductance, not attributable to vein density. |
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| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7599b5be2cfa429b84774e94425d7a8f2023-11-17T08:59:41ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-02-0113352510.3390/agriculture13030525Leaf Carbon and Water Isotopes Correlate with Leaf Hydraulic Traits in Three <i>Solanum</i> Species (<i>S. peruvianum</i>, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>)Diego Barrera-Ayala0Gerardo Tapia1Juan Pedro Ferrio2Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, ChileUnidad de Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-Quilamapu, Chillán 3800062, ChileDepartamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, ChileLeaf hydraulic conductance (<i>K</i><sub>Leaf</sub>) is a measure of the efficiency of water transport through the leaf, which determines physiological parameters such as stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration rates. One key anatomical structure that supports <i>K</i><sub>Leaf</sub> is leaf venation, which could be subject to evolutionary pressure in dry environments. In this context, it is useful to assess these traits in species from arid climates such as <i>S. peruvianum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>, in order to determine their hydraulic strategy and potential aptitude for the improvement of domestic tomato (<i>S. lycopersicum</i>). In this work, we measured <i>K</i><sub>Leaf</sub>, vein density, together with leaf water isotope composition (δ<sup>18</sup>O, δ<sup>2</sup>H) and leaf carbon isotope composition (δ<sup>13</sup>C), from which we derived proxies for outside-vein hydraulic resistance (<i>R</i><sub>ox</sub>) and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE<sub>i</sub>), respectively. The two wild species showed contrasting hydraulic strategies, with <i>S. chilense</i> performing as a water-spender, whereas <i>S. peruvianum</i> showed a water-saving strategy. Interestingly, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> was rather conservative, and showed the highest WUE<sub>i</sub>. The low water transport capacity of <i>S. peruvianum</i> was not explained by vein density traits, but was related with the effective pathlength <i>L</i>, an isotope-derived proxy for <i>R</i><sub>ox</sub>. The low WUE<sub>i</sub> of <i>S. peruvianum</i> suggest strong photosynthetic limitations. Our results show a wide diversity in water-use strategies in the genus, encouraging a detailed characterization of wild relatives. From a methodological point of view, we provide evidence supporting the use of water isotopes to assess changes in mesophyll hydraulic conductance, not attributable to vein density.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/525leaf hydraulic conductancevein densitystable isotopesleaf water enrichmenteffective pathlength <i>L</i>carbon isotope discrimination |
| spellingShingle | Diego Barrera-Ayala Gerardo Tapia Juan Pedro Ferrio Leaf Carbon and Water Isotopes Correlate with Leaf Hydraulic Traits in Three <i>Solanum</i> Species (<i>S. peruvianum</i>, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>) Agriculture leaf hydraulic conductance vein density stable isotopes leaf water enrichment effective pathlength <i>L</i> carbon isotope discrimination |
| title | Leaf Carbon and Water Isotopes Correlate with Leaf Hydraulic Traits in Three <i>Solanum</i> Species (<i>S. peruvianum</i>, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>) |
| title_full | Leaf Carbon and Water Isotopes Correlate with Leaf Hydraulic Traits in Three <i>Solanum</i> Species (<i>S. peruvianum</i>, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Leaf Carbon and Water Isotopes Correlate with Leaf Hydraulic Traits in Three <i>Solanum</i> Species (<i>S. peruvianum</i>, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Leaf Carbon and Water Isotopes Correlate with Leaf Hydraulic Traits in Three <i>Solanum</i> Species (<i>S. peruvianum</i>, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>) |
| title_short | Leaf Carbon and Water Isotopes Correlate with Leaf Hydraulic Traits in Three <i>Solanum</i> Species (<i>S. peruvianum</i>, <i>S. lycopersicum</i> and <i>S. chilense</i>) |
| title_sort | leaf carbon and water isotopes correlate with leaf hydraulic traits in three i solanum i species i s peruvianum i i s lycopersicum i and i s chilense i |
| topic | leaf hydraulic conductance vein density stable isotopes leaf water enrichment effective pathlength <i>L</i> carbon isotope discrimination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/525 |
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