Evolutionary Adaptation of Genes Involved in Galactose Derivatives Metabolism in Oil-Tea Specialized <i>Andrena</i> Species
Oil-tea (<i>Camellia oleifera</i>) is a woody oil crop whose nectar includes galactose derivatives that are toxic to honey bees. Interestingly, some mining bees of the genus <i>Andrena</i> can entirely live on the nectar (and pollen) of oil-tea and are able to metabolize thes...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/5/1117 |
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| author | Gonghua Lin Zuhao Huang Bo He Kai Jiang Tianjuan Su Fang Zhao |
| author_facet | Gonghua Lin Zuhao Huang Bo He Kai Jiang Tianjuan Su Fang Zhao |
| author_sort | Gonghua Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oil-tea (<i>Camellia oleifera</i>) is a woody oil crop whose nectar includes galactose derivatives that are toxic to honey bees. Interestingly, some mining bees of the genus <i>Andrena</i> can entirely live on the nectar (and pollen) of oil-tea and are able to metabolize these galactose derivatives. We present the first next-generation genomes for five and one <i>Andrena</i> species that are, respectively, specialized and non-specialized oil-tea pollinators and, combining these with the published genomes of six other <i>Andrena</i> species which did not visit oil-tea, we performed molecular evolution analyses on the genes involved in the metabolizing of galactose derivatives. The six genes (<i>NAGA</i>, <i>NAGA-like</i>, <i>galM</i>, <i>galK</i>, <i>galT</i>, and <i>galE</i>) involved in galactose derivatives metabolism were identified in the five oil-tea specialized species, but only five (with the exception of <i>NAGA-like</i>) were discovered in the other <i>Andrena</i> species. Molecular evolution analyses revealed that <i>NAGA-like</i>, <i>galK</i>, and <i>galT</i> in oil-tea specialized species appeared under positive selection. RNASeq analyses showed that <i>NAGA-like</i>, <i>galK</i>, and <i>galT</i> were significantly up-regulated in the specialized pollinator <i>Andrena camellia</i> compared to the non-specialized pollinator <i>Andrena chekiangensis</i>. Our study demonstrated that the genes <i>NAGA-like</i>, <i>galK</i>, and <i>galT</i> have played an important role in the evolutionary adaptation of the oil-tea specialized <i>Andrena</i> species. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:41:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-75a56187d5fe4b03a82d96e8d0161aec2023-11-18T01:30:42ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-05-01145111710.3390/genes14051117Evolutionary Adaptation of Genes Involved in Galactose Derivatives Metabolism in Oil-Tea Specialized <i>Andrena</i> SpeciesGonghua Lin0Zuhao Huang1Bo He2Kai Jiang3Tianjuan Su4Fang Zhao5School of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an 343009, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an 343009, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an 343009, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an 343009, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an 343009, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an 343009, ChinaOil-tea (<i>Camellia oleifera</i>) is a woody oil crop whose nectar includes galactose derivatives that are toxic to honey bees. Interestingly, some mining bees of the genus <i>Andrena</i> can entirely live on the nectar (and pollen) of oil-tea and are able to metabolize these galactose derivatives. We present the first next-generation genomes for five and one <i>Andrena</i> species that are, respectively, specialized and non-specialized oil-tea pollinators and, combining these with the published genomes of six other <i>Andrena</i> species which did not visit oil-tea, we performed molecular evolution analyses on the genes involved in the metabolizing of galactose derivatives. The six genes (<i>NAGA</i>, <i>NAGA-like</i>, <i>galM</i>, <i>galK</i>, <i>galT</i>, and <i>galE</i>) involved in galactose derivatives metabolism were identified in the five oil-tea specialized species, but only five (with the exception of <i>NAGA-like</i>) were discovered in the other <i>Andrena</i> species. Molecular evolution analyses revealed that <i>NAGA-like</i>, <i>galK</i>, and <i>galT</i> in oil-tea specialized species appeared under positive selection. RNASeq analyses showed that <i>NAGA-like</i>, <i>galK</i>, and <i>galT</i> were significantly up-regulated in the specialized pollinator <i>Andrena camellia</i> compared to the non-specialized pollinator <i>Andrena chekiangensis</i>. Our study demonstrated that the genes <i>NAGA-like</i>, <i>galK</i>, and <i>galT</i> have played an important role in the evolutionary adaptation of the oil-tea specialized <i>Andrena</i> species.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/5/1117<i>A. camellia</i>genomeRNASeqmolecular evolutiongene expressiongalactose derivatives |
| spellingShingle | Gonghua Lin Zuhao Huang Bo He Kai Jiang Tianjuan Su Fang Zhao Evolutionary Adaptation of Genes Involved in Galactose Derivatives Metabolism in Oil-Tea Specialized <i>Andrena</i> Species Genes <i>A. camellia</i> genome RNASeq molecular evolution gene expression galactose derivatives |
| title | Evolutionary Adaptation of Genes Involved in Galactose Derivatives Metabolism in Oil-Tea Specialized <i>Andrena</i> Species |
| title_full | Evolutionary Adaptation of Genes Involved in Galactose Derivatives Metabolism in Oil-Tea Specialized <i>Andrena</i> Species |
| title_fullStr | Evolutionary Adaptation of Genes Involved in Galactose Derivatives Metabolism in Oil-Tea Specialized <i>Andrena</i> Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolutionary Adaptation of Genes Involved in Galactose Derivatives Metabolism in Oil-Tea Specialized <i>Andrena</i> Species |
| title_short | Evolutionary Adaptation of Genes Involved in Galactose Derivatives Metabolism in Oil-Tea Specialized <i>Andrena</i> Species |
| title_sort | evolutionary adaptation of genes involved in galactose derivatives metabolism in oil tea specialized i andrena i species |
| topic | <i>A. camellia</i> genome RNASeq molecular evolution gene expression galactose derivatives |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/5/1117 |
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