Immune and Oxidative Response against Sonicated Antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumonia</i>—A Causative Agent of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia
Vaccines are vital for prevention and control of mycoplasma diseases. The exploration of a vaccine candidate for the development of a vaccine is imperative. The present study envisages the evaluation of immune and oxidative response against an adjuvanted, sonicated antigen of <i>Mycoplasma cap...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| author | Rather Izhar Ul Haq Oveas Rafiq Parray Qurat Ul Ain Nazir Riyaz Ahmed Bhat Showkat Ahmad Shah Majid Shafi Kawoosa Ali A. Rabaan Mohammed Aljeldah Basim R. Al Shammari Mohammed S. Almogbel Nada Alharbi Reem Alrashoudi Amal A. Sabour Rana A. Alaeq Maha A. Alshiekheid Saleh A. Alshamrani Aqel Albutti Ameen S.S. Alwashmi Kuldeep Dhama Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo |
| author_facet | Rather Izhar Ul Haq Oveas Rafiq Parray Qurat Ul Ain Nazir Riyaz Ahmed Bhat Showkat Ahmad Shah Majid Shafi Kawoosa Ali A. Rabaan Mohammed Aljeldah Basim R. Al Shammari Mohammed S. Almogbel Nada Alharbi Reem Alrashoudi Amal A. Sabour Rana A. Alaeq Maha A. Alshiekheid Saleh A. Alshamrani Aqel Albutti Ameen S.S. Alwashmi Kuldeep Dhama Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo |
| author_sort | Rather Izhar Ul Haq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vaccines are vital for prevention and control of mycoplasma diseases. The exploration of a vaccine candidate for the development of a vaccine is imperative. The present study envisages the evaluation of immune and oxidative response against an adjuvanted, sonicated antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumonia</i> in male Angora rabbits (1 year old, 2 kg) divided in four groups, each having six animals. Group 1 was the healthy control and received 1 mL PBS via subcutaneous route. Group 2 was administered 1 mL of saponin-adjuvanted and -sonicated antigen, Group 3 was given 1 mL of montanide ISA 50-adjuvanted and-sonicated antigen, and Group 4 was given 1 mL of standard vaccine via subcutaneous route. Animals were evaluated for cellular and humoral immune response and oxidative parameters at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of the study. Total leukocytic, neutrophilic, and basophilic counts showed a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increase in vaccinated groups compared to the healthy group on most of the intervals. TNF-α levels were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in the Group 2 than the Group 1 at all the time intervals and more comparable to Group 4 than Group 3. IL-10 levels were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in vaccinated groups compared to the healthy group on days 14, 21, and 28, but were lower in Group 3 than in Group 2 and Group 4. More hypersensitivity as inflammation and histopathological cellular infiltration in the ear was produced in Group 2 and Group 4 than in Group 3. IgG levels were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in Group 2 and Group 4 than in Group 3 on days 14 and 21. Antibody titers were comparatively higher in Group 4, followed by Group 2 and 3, than Group 1. Significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher oxidant and lower antioxidant values were noted in Group 2 and 4 compared to Group 3 and Group 1 on most of the intervals. The TLC and antibody titer showed increasing trend throughout the trial, whereas TNF-α, IgG, L, M and E started decreasing from day 14, and IL-10, N and B started decreasing from day 21. This study concludes that the saponin-adjuvanted and-sonicated antigen induces comparatively higher immune response than montanide but is associated with oxidative and inflammatory reactions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:53:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-75b1b8b7d8bd44f6906d3aeceb98aaac |
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| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:53:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-75b1b8b7d8bd44f6906d3aeceb98aaac2023-11-30T22:02:13ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-08-01108163410.3390/microorganisms10081634Immune and Oxidative Response against Sonicated Antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumonia</i>—A Causative Agent of Contagious Caprine PleuropneumoniaRather Izhar Ul Haq0Oveas Rafiq Parray1Qurat Ul Ain Nazir2Riyaz Ahmed Bhat3Showkat Ahmad Shah4Majid Shafi Kawoosa5Ali A. Rabaan6Mohammed Aljeldah7Basim R. Al Shammari8Mohammed S. Almogbel9Nada Alharbi10Reem Alrashoudi11Amal A. Sabour12Rana A. Alaeq13Maha A. Alshiekheid14Saleh A. Alshamrani15Aqel Albutti16Ameen S.S. Alwashmi17Kuldeep Dhama18Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo19Mycoplasma Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaMycoplasma Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaMycoplasma Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaMycoplasma Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaMycoplasma Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaMycoplasma Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaMolecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39831, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39831, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 4030, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Laboratories Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarh 42353, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDivision of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaMycoplasma Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaVaccines are vital for prevention and control of mycoplasma diseases. The exploration of a vaccine candidate for the development of a vaccine is imperative. The present study envisages the evaluation of immune and oxidative response against an adjuvanted, sonicated antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumonia</i> in male Angora rabbits (1 year old, 2 kg) divided in four groups, each having six animals. Group 1 was the healthy control and received 1 mL PBS via subcutaneous route. Group 2 was administered 1 mL of saponin-adjuvanted and -sonicated antigen, Group 3 was given 1 mL of montanide ISA 50-adjuvanted and-sonicated antigen, and Group 4 was given 1 mL of standard vaccine via subcutaneous route. Animals were evaluated for cellular and humoral immune response and oxidative parameters at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of the study. Total leukocytic, neutrophilic, and basophilic counts showed a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increase in vaccinated groups compared to the healthy group on most of the intervals. TNF-α levels were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in the Group 2 than the Group 1 at all the time intervals and more comparable to Group 4 than Group 3. IL-10 levels were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in vaccinated groups compared to the healthy group on days 14, 21, and 28, but were lower in Group 3 than in Group 2 and Group 4. More hypersensitivity as inflammation and histopathological cellular infiltration in the ear was produced in Group 2 and Group 4 than in Group 3. IgG levels were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher in Group 2 and Group 4 than in Group 3 on days 14 and 21. Antibody titers were comparatively higher in Group 4, followed by Group 2 and 3, than Group 1. Significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher oxidant and lower antioxidant values were noted in Group 2 and 4 compared to Group 3 and Group 1 on most of the intervals. The TLC and antibody titer showed increasing trend throughout the trial, whereas TNF-α, IgG, L, M and E started decreasing from day 14, and IL-10, N and B started decreasing from day 21. This study concludes that the saponin-adjuvanted and-sonicated antigen induces comparatively higher immune response than montanide but is associated with oxidative and inflammatory reactions.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/8/1634antigencontagious caprine pleuropneumoniaimmunitymycoplasmaoxidative stressrabbit |
| spellingShingle | Rather Izhar Ul Haq Oveas Rafiq Parray Qurat Ul Ain Nazir Riyaz Ahmed Bhat Showkat Ahmad Shah Majid Shafi Kawoosa Ali A. Rabaan Mohammed Aljeldah Basim R. Al Shammari Mohammed S. Almogbel Nada Alharbi Reem Alrashoudi Amal A. Sabour Rana A. Alaeq Maha A. Alshiekheid Saleh A. Alshamrani Aqel Albutti Ameen S.S. Alwashmi Kuldeep Dhama Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo Immune and Oxidative Response against Sonicated Antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumonia</i>—A Causative Agent of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia Microorganisms antigen contagious caprine pleuropneumonia immunity mycoplasma oxidative stress rabbit |
| title | Immune and Oxidative Response against Sonicated Antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumonia</i>—A Causative Agent of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia |
| title_full | Immune and Oxidative Response against Sonicated Antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumonia</i>—A Causative Agent of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia |
| title_fullStr | Immune and Oxidative Response against Sonicated Antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumonia</i>—A Causative Agent of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune and Oxidative Response against Sonicated Antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumonia</i>—A Causative Agent of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia |
| title_short | Immune and Oxidative Response against Sonicated Antigen of <i>Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumonia</i>—A Causative Agent of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia |
| title_sort | immune and oxidative response against sonicated antigen of i mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumonia i a causative agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia |
| topic | antigen contagious caprine pleuropneumonia immunity mycoplasma oxidative stress rabbit |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/8/1634 |
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