Leaf Gas Exchange, Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars as Affected by Plant Density
Determination of optimal plant density is one of the main factors that may affect crop growth and seed yield when planting is performed in the plant residues especially in conservation tillage systems. To investigate the effect of plant density on leaf gas exchange of wheat cultivars, a field split...
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Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch
2019-12-01
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| Series: | Ikufīziyuluzhī-i Giyāhān-i Zirā̒ī |
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| Online Access: | http://jcep.iaut.ac.ir/article_669714_8bc374a4c34fee0adba62f8be2e8e9b6.pdf |
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| author | Reza Hosseinipour Seyyed Alireza Valadabady Mohammad Reza Mehrvar Saeed Sayfzadeh |
| author_facet | Reza Hosseinipour Seyyed Alireza Valadabady Mohammad Reza Mehrvar Saeed Sayfzadeh |
| author_sort | Reza Hosseinipour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Determination of optimal plant density is one of the main factors that may affect crop growth and seed yield when planting is performed in the plant residues especially in conservation tillage systems. To investigate the effect of plant density on leaf gas exchange of wheat cultivars, a field split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications was carried out at Karaj Research Farm of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Iran. In this study, the main factor was three levels at plant densities (400, 500 and 600 seed per m<sup>2</sup>) assigned to main plots and five wheat cultivars (Sivand, Sirvan, Pishtaz, Pishgam and Parsi) to sub-plots. Results of analysis of variance showed that transpiration rate (E) (p<0.05), stomatal conductance (Gs) (p<0.01), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) (p<0.01) and Quantum yield (Qy) (p<0.01), number of grain per spike (GPS), seed weight (SW), seed yield (SY), biological yield (BY) and harvest index (HI) were affected by plant density and cultivar significantly. In addition, interaction effect of plant density×cultivar was significant on leaf temperature (LT) (p<0.01), intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration (Ci) (p<0.05) and biological yield (BY) (p<0.01). The results also indicated that increment of plant densities of 400 to 600 seed per m<sup>2</sup> decreased E, Gs, Pn and Qy. Increasing plant density decreased GPS and HI. The Pishgam cultivar had the highest E and Gs, while higher values of Pn, Qy and water use efficiency belonged to Parsi cultivar. The highest value of SY was obtained from Sirvan cultivar. |
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| id | doaj.art-75b1caaab69d41239b1ddceeca789836 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2538-1822 2476-731X |
| language | fas |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:36:31Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch |
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| series | Ikufīziyuluzhī-i Giyāhān-i Zirā̒ī |
| spelling | doaj.art-75b1caaab69d41239b1ddceeca7898362022-12-21T23:55:04ZfasIslamic Azad University, Tabriz BranchIkufīziyuluzhī-i Giyāhān-i Zirā̒ī2538-18222476-731X2019-12-01133(51)پاییز431446669714Leaf Gas Exchange, Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars as Affected by Plant DensityReza Hosseinipour0Seyyed Alireza Valadabady1Mohammad Reza Mehrvar2Saeed Sayfzadeh3Department of Agronomy, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, IranDepartment of Agronomy, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, IranProfessor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.Department of Agronomy, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, IranDetermination of optimal plant density is one of the main factors that may affect crop growth and seed yield when planting is performed in the plant residues especially in conservation tillage systems. To investigate the effect of plant density on leaf gas exchange of wheat cultivars, a field split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications was carried out at Karaj Research Farm of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Iran. In this study, the main factor was three levels at plant densities (400, 500 and 600 seed per m<sup>2</sup>) assigned to main plots and five wheat cultivars (Sivand, Sirvan, Pishtaz, Pishgam and Parsi) to sub-plots. Results of analysis of variance showed that transpiration rate (E) (p<0.05), stomatal conductance (Gs) (p<0.01), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) (p<0.01) and Quantum yield (Qy) (p<0.01), number of grain per spike (GPS), seed weight (SW), seed yield (SY), biological yield (BY) and harvest index (HI) were affected by plant density and cultivar significantly. In addition, interaction effect of plant density×cultivar was significant on leaf temperature (LT) (p<0.01), intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration (Ci) (p<0.05) and biological yield (BY) (p<0.01). The results also indicated that increment of plant densities of 400 to 600 seed per m<sup>2</sup> decreased E, Gs, Pn and Qy. Increasing plant density decreased GPS and HI. The Pishgam cultivar had the highest E and Gs, while higher values of Pn, Qy and water use efficiency belonged to Parsi cultivar. The highest value of SY was obtained from Sirvan cultivar.http://jcep.iaut.ac.ir/article_669714_8bc374a4c34fee0adba62f8be2e8e9b6.pdfstomatal conductancenet photosynthetic ratequantum yieldleaf temperaturegrain yield |
| spellingShingle | Reza Hosseinipour Seyyed Alireza Valadabady Mohammad Reza Mehrvar Saeed Sayfzadeh Leaf Gas Exchange, Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars as Affected by Plant Density Ikufīziyuluzhī-i Giyāhān-i Zirā̒ī stomatal conductance net photosynthetic rate quantum yield leaf temperature grain yield |
| title | Leaf Gas Exchange, Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars as Affected by Plant Density |
| title_full | Leaf Gas Exchange, Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars as Affected by Plant Density |
| title_fullStr | Leaf Gas Exchange, Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars as Affected by Plant Density |
| title_full_unstemmed | Leaf Gas Exchange, Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars as Affected by Plant Density |
| title_short | Leaf Gas Exchange, Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars as Affected by Plant Density |
| title_sort | leaf gas exchange yield and yield components of wheat triticum aestivum l cultivars as affected by plant density |
| topic | stomatal conductance net photosynthetic rate quantum yield leaf temperature grain yield |
| url | http://jcep.iaut.ac.ir/article_669714_8bc374a4c34fee0adba62f8be2e8e9b6.pdf |
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