Effects and Mechanisms of Symbiotic Microbial Combination Agents to Control Tomato Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Disease
This study evaluated the effects and underlying mechanisms of different combinations of plant symbiotic microbes, comprising arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and Trichoderma spp., on tomato Fusarium crown and root rot (TFCRR) resistance. A total of 54...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.629793/full |
| _version_ | 1819064817129881600 |
|---|---|
| author | Xinyue Cai Honghai Zhao Chen Liang Min Li Runjin Liu |
| author_facet | Xinyue Cai Honghai Zhao Chen Liang Min Li Runjin Liu |
| author_sort | Xinyue Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study evaluated the effects and underlying mechanisms of different combinations of plant symbiotic microbes, comprising arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and Trichoderma spp., on tomato Fusarium crown and root rot (TFCRR) resistance. A total of 54 treatments were applied in a greenhouse pot experiment to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings inoculated with or without Funneliformis mosseae (Fm), Rhizophagus intraradices (Ri), Trichoderma virens l40012 (Tv), Trichoderma harzianum l40015 (Th), Bacillus subtilis PS1-3 (Bs), Pseudomonas fluorescens PS2-6 (Pf), and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (Fo). The symbioses on the tomato root system were well developed, and the composite symbiont generated by AMF + Trichoderma spp. was observed for the first time. Compared with other treatments, Ri + Bs + Tv and Fm + Pf + Tv stimulated the greatest improvements in tomato growth and yield. The combination Ri + Pf + Th + Fo resulted in the strongest biocontrol effects on TFCRR, followed by the treatments Th + Pf + Fo and Ri + Th + Fo. Compared with the Fo treatment, most inoculation treatments improved photosynthetic performance and significantly increased defense enzyme activity in tomato plants, of which the treatment Ri + Pf + Th + Fo showed the highest enzyme activity. Metabolome analysis detected changes in a total of 1,266 metabolites. The number of up-regulated metabolites in tomato plants inoculated with Ri + Pf + Th and Ri + Pf + Th + Fo exceeded that of the Fo treatment, whereas the number of down-regulated metabolites showed the opposite trend. It is concluded that AMF + Trichoderma + PGPR is the most effective combination to promote resistance to TFCRR in tomato. The up-regulation and down-regulation of metabolites regulated by symbiotic microbial genes may be an important mechanism by which root symbiotic microorganisms promote plant growth, increase yield, and improve disease resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T15:36:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-75b889668a0b4d6187364cda75292554 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T15:36:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-75b889668a0b4d6187364cda752925542022-12-21T18:58:37ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2021-06-011210.3389/fmicb.2021.629793629793Effects and Mechanisms of Symbiotic Microbial Combination Agents to Control Tomato Fusarium Crown and Root Rot DiseaseXinyue Cai0Honghai Zhao1Chen Liang2Min Li3Runjin Liu4Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, ChinaInstitute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, ChinaInstitute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, ChinaThis study evaluated the effects and underlying mechanisms of different combinations of plant symbiotic microbes, comprising arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and Trichoderma spp., on tomato Fusarium crown and root rot (TFCRR) resistance. A total of 54 treatments were applied in a greenhouse pot experiment to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings inoculated with or without Funneliformis mosseae (Fm), Rhizophagus intraradices (Ri), Trichoderma virens l40012 (Tv), Trichoderma harzianum l40015 (Th), Bacillus subtilis PS1-3 (Bs), Pseudomonas fluorescens PS2-6 (Pf), and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (Fo). The symbioses on the tomato root system were well developed, and the composite symbiont generated by AMF + Trichoderma spp. was observed for the first time. Compared with other treatments, Ri + Bs + Tv and Fm + Pf + Tv stimulated the greatest improvements in tomato growth and yield. The combination Ri + Pf + Th + Fo resulted in the strongest biocontrol effects on TFCRR, followed by the treatments Th + Pf + Fo and Ri + Th + Fo. Compared with the Fo treatment, most inoculation treatments improved photosynthetic performance and significantly increased defense enzyme activity in tomato plants, of which the treatment Ri + Pf + Th + Fo showed the highest enzyme activity. Metabolome analysis detected changes in a total of 1,266 metabolites. The number of up-regulated metabolites in tomato plants inoculated with Ri + Pf + Th and Ri + Pf + Th + Fo exceeded that of the Fo treatment, whereas the number of down-regulated metabolites showed the opposite trend. It is concluded that AMF + Trichoderma + PGPR is the most effective combination to promote resistance to TFCRR in tomato. The up-regulation and down-regulation of metabolites regulated by symbiotic microbial genes may be an important mechanism by which root symbiotic microorganisms promote plant growth, increase yield, and improve disease resistance.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.629793/fullarbuscular mycorrhizal fungiplant growth-promoting rhizobacteriaTrichoderma spp.combined microbe agentstomatoFusarium crown and root rot |
| spellingShingle | Xinyue Cai Honghai Zhao Chen Liang Min Li Runjin Liu Effects and Mechanisms of Symbiotic Microbial Combination Agents to Control Tomato Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Disease Frontiers in Microbiology arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria Trichoderma spp. combined microbe agents tomato Fusarium crown and root rot |
| title | Effects and Mechanisms of Symbiotic Microbial Combination Agents to Control Tomato Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Disease |
| title_full | Effects and Mechanisms of Symbiotic Microbial Combination Agents to Control Tomato Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Disease |
| title_fullStr | Effects and Mechanisms of Symbiotic Microbial Combination Agents to Control Tomato Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects and Mechanisms of Symbiotic Microbial Combination Agents to Control Tomato Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Disease |
| title_short | Effects and Mechanisms of Symbiotic Microbial Combination Agents to Control Tomato Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Disease |
| title_sort | effects and mechanisms of symbiotic microbial combination agents to control tomato fusarium crown and root rot disease |
| topic | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria Trichoderma spp. combined microbe agents tomato Fusarium crown and root rot |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.629793/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xinyuecai effectsandmechanismsofsymbioticmicrobialcombinationagentstocontroltomatofusariumcrownandrootrotdisease AT honghaizhao effectsandmechanismsofsymbioticmicrobialcombinationagentstocontroltomatofusariumcrownandrootrotdisease AT chenliang effectsandmechanismsofsymbioticmicrobialcombinationagentstocontroltomatofusariumcrownandrootrotdisease AT minli effectsandmechanismsofsymbioticmicrobialcombinationagentstocontroltomatofusariumcrownandrootrotdisease AT runjinliu effectsandmechanismsofsymbioticmicrobialcombinationagentstocontroltomatofusariumcrownandrootrotdisease |