Long-Term Immunological Memory of SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies for up to a Year after Vaccination
Some studies have found increased coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)-related morbidity and mortality in patients with primary antibody deficiencies. Immunization against COVID-19 may, therefore, be particularly important in these patients. However, the durability of the immune response remains unclea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/2/354 |
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| author | Zane Lucane Baiba Slisere Lota Ozola Dmitrijs Rots Sindija Papirte Baiba Vilne Linda Gailite Natalja Kurjane |
| author_facet | Zane Lucane Baiba Slisere Lota Ozola Dmitrijs Rots Sindija Papirte Baiba Vilne Linda Gailite Natalja Kurjane |
| author_sort | Zane Lucane |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Some studies have found increased coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)-related morbidity and mortality in patients with primary antibody deficiencies. Immunization against COVID-19 may, therefore, be particularly important in these patients. However, the durability of the immune response remains unclear in such patients. In this study, we evaluated the cellular and humoral response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in a cross-sectional study of 32 patients with primary antibody deficiency (<i>n</i> = 17 with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and <i>n</i> = 15 with selective IgA deficiency) and 15 healthy controls. Serological and cellular responses were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and interferon-gamma release assays. The subsets of B and T lymphocytes were measured using flow cytometry. Of the 32 patients, 28 had completed the vaccination regimen with a median time after vaccination of 173 days (IQR = 142): 27 patients showed a positive spike-peptide-specific antibody response, and 26 patients showed a positive spike-peptide-specific T-cell response. The median level of antibody response in CVID patients (5.47 ratio (IQR = 4.08)) was lower compared to healthy controls (9.43 ratio (IQR = 2.13)). No difference in anti-spike T-cell response was found between the groups. The results of this study indicate that markers of the sustained SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific immune response are detectable several months after vaccination in patients with primary antibody deficiencies comparable to controls. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:01:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-75ba3dde79204d76874159f202b70f68 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:01:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-75ba3dde79204d76874159f202b70f682023-11-16T23:43:14ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-02-0111235410.3390/vaccines11020354Long-Term Immunological Memory of SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies for up to a Year after VaccinationZane Lucane0Baiba Slisere1Lota Ozola2Dmitrijs Rots3Sindija Papirte4Baiba Vilne5Linda Gailite6Natalja Kurjane7Riga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, LatviaRiga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, LatviaChildren’s Clinical University Hospital, Riga LV-1007, LatviaRiga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, LatviaRiga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, LatviaRiga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, LatviaRiga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, LatviaRiga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, LatviaSome studies have found increased coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)-related morbidity and mortality in patients with primary antibody deficiencies. Immunization against COVID-19 may, therefore, be particularly important in these patients. However, the durability of the immune response remains unclear in such patients. In this study, we evaluated the cellular and humoral response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in a cross-sectional study of 32 patients with primary antibody deficiency (<i>n</i> = 17 with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and <i>n</i> = 15 with selective IgA deficiency) and 15 healthy controls. Serological and cellular responses were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and interferon-gamma release assays. The subsets of B and T lymphocytes were measured using flow cytometry. Of the 32 patients, 28 had completed the vaccination regimen with a median time after vaccination of 173 days (IQR = 142): 27 patients showed a positive spike-peptide-specific antibody response, and 26 patients showed a positive spike-peptide-specific T-cell response. The median level of antibody response in CVID patients (5.47 ratio (IQR = 4.08)) was lower compared to healthy controls (9.43 ratio (IQR = 2.13)). No difference in anti-spike T-cell response was found between the groups. The results of this study indicate that markers of the sustained SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific immune response are detectable several months after vaccination in patients with primary antibody deficiencies comparable to controls.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/2/354inborn error of immunityantibody deficiencycommon variable immunodeficiencyselective IgA deficiencySARS-CoV-2immune response |
| spellingShingle | Zane Lucane Baiba Slisere Lota Ozola Dmitrijs Rots Sindija Papirte Baiba Vilne Linda Gailite Natalja Kurjane Long-Term Immunological Memory of SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies for up to a Year after Vaccination Vaccines inborn error of immunity antibody deficiency common variable immunodeficiency selective IgA deficiency SARS-CoV-2 immune response |
| title | Long-Term Immunological Memory of SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies for up to a Year after Vaccination |
| title_full | Long-Term Immunological Memory of SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies for up to a Year after Vaccination |
| title_fullStr | Long-Term Immunological Memory of SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies for up to a Year after Vaccination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-Term Immunological Memory of SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies for up to a Year after Vaccination |
| title_short | Long-Term Immunological Memory of SARS-CoV-2 Is Present in Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies for up to a Year after Vaccination |
| title_sort | long term immunological memory of sars cov 2 is present in patients with primary antibody deficiencies for up to a year after vaccination |
| topic | inborn error of immunity antibody deficiency common variable immunodeficiency selective IgA deficiency SARS-CoV-2 immune response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/2/354 |
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