Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation, residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin D levels: A longitudinal cohort study in China
Vitamin D metabolism is essential in aging and can be affected by multiple environmental factors. However, most studies conducted single exposure analyses. We aim to assess the individual and combined effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, residential greenness, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022004500 |
| _version_ | 1797996835495739392 |
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| author | Haofan Zhang Anna Zhu Linxin Liu Yi Zeng Riyang Liu Zongwei Ma Miaomiao Liu Jun Bi John S. Ji |
| author_facet | Haofan Zhang Anna Zhu Linxin Liu Yi Zeng Riyang Liu Zongwei Ma Miaomiao Liu Jun Bi John S. Ji |
| author_sort | Haofan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vitamin D metabolism is essential in aging and can be affected by multiple environmental factors. However, most studies conducted single exposure analyses. We aim to assess the individual and combined effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, residential greenness, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and ozone (O3) on vitamin D levels in a national cohort study of older adults in China. We used the 2012 and 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey data, and measured the environmental exposure in the same year. We interpolated the UV radiation from monitoring stations, measured residential greenness through satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), modeled PM2.5 with satellite data, and estimated O3 using machine learning. We dichotomized serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), the primary circulating form of vitamin D, into non-deficiency (≥50 nmol/L) and deficiency (<50 nmol/L) categories. We used the generalized estimating equation for analysis, adjusted for sociodemographic information, lifestyle, physical condition, and season of blood draw, and calculated joint odds ratios based on the Cumulative Risk Index. We also explored the interaction between interested exposures, modification of participants’ characteristics, and potential mediation. We included 1,336 participants, with a mean age of 83 at baseline. In single exposure models, the odds ratios of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) for per interquartile range increase in UV radiation, NDVI, PM2.5, and O3 and decrease were 0.39 (95 % CI:0.33,0.46), 0.90 (0.81,1.00), 1.65 (1.53,1.78), 1.67 (1.46,1.92), respectively. UV radiation mediated nearly 48 % and 78 % of the relationship between VDD and PM2.5 and O3, respectively. The association between UV radiation and VDD was stronger in females than men (OR: 2.25 vs 1.22). UV radiation, residential greenness can protect against VDD, while, PM2.5 and O3 increase the risk of VDD. UV radiation partly mediated the association between air pollution and VDD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:23:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-75e3e8678ab141a49c33e5de4836faa6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:23:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-75e3e8678ab141a49c33e5de4836faa62022-12-22T04:29:40ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202022-11-01169107523Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation, residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin D levels: A longitudinal cohort study in ChinaHaofan Zhang0Anna Zhu1Linxin Liu2Yi Zeng3Riyang Liu4Zongwei Ma5Miaomiao Liu6Jun Bi7John S. Ji8State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaDivision of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (D.K.F.Z.), 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USAState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Corresponding authors.State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Corresponding authors.Vitamin D metabolism is essential in aging and can be affected by multiple environmental factors. However, most studies conducted single exposure analyses. We aim to assess the individual and combined effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, residential greenness, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and ozone (O3) on vitamin D levels in a national cohort study of older adults in China. We used the 2012 and 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey data, and measured the environmental exposure in the same year. We interpolated the UV radiation from monitoring stations, measured residential greenness through satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), modeled PM2.5 with satellite data, and estimated O3 using machine learning. We dichotomized serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), the primary circulating form of vitamin D, into non-deficiency (≥50 nmol/L) and deficiency (<50 nmol/L) categories. We used the generalized estimating equation for analysis, adjusted for sociodemographic information, lifestyle, physical condition, and season of blood draw, and calculated joint odds ratios based on the Cumulative Risk Index. We also explored the interaction between interested exposures, modification of participants’ characteristics, and potential mediation. We included 1,336 participants, with a mean age of 83 at baseline. In single exposure models, the odds ratios of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) for per interquartile range increase in UV radiation, NDVI, PM2.5, and O3 and decrease were 0.39 (95 % CI:0.33,0.46), 0.90 (0.81,1.00), 1.65 (1.53,1.78), 1.67 (1.46,1.92), respectively. UV radiation mediated nearly 48 % and 78 % of the relationship between VDD and PM2.5 and O3, respectively. The association between UV radiation and VDD was stronger in females than men (OR: 2.25 vs 1.22). UV radiation, residential greenness can protect against VDD, while, PM2.5 and O3 increase the risk of VDD. UV radiation partly mediated the association between air pollution and VDD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022004500Air pollutionGreen spaceUltraviolet radiationVitamin D deficiency |
| spellingShingle | Haofan Zhang Anna Zhu Linxin Liu Yi Zeng Riyang Liu Zongwei Ma Miaomiao Liu Jun Bi John S. Ji Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation, residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin D levels: A longitudinal cohort study in China Environment International Air pollution Green space Ultraviolet radiation Vitamin D deficiency |
| title | Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation, residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin D levels: A longitudinal cohort study in China |
| title_full | Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation, residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin D levels: A longitudinal cohort study in China |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation, residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin D levels: A longitudinal cohort study in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation, residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin D levels: A longitudinal cohort study in China |
| title_short | Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation, residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin D levels: A longitudinal cohort study in China |
| title_sort | assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin d levels a longitudinal cohort study in china |
| topic | Air pollution Green space Ultraviolet radiation Vitamin D deficiency |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022004500 |
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