MicroRNAs Associated with a Bad Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Impact on Macrophage Polarization
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) associated with gene expression regulation. Since the discovery of the first miRNA in 1993, thousands of miRNAs have been studied and they have been associated not only with physiological processes, but also with various diseases such...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Biomedicines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/1/121 |
| _version_ | 1797340085949038592 |
|---|---|
| author | Laura Jimbu Oana Mesaros Corina Joldes Alexandra Neaga Laura Zaharie Mihnea Zdrenghea |
| author_facet | Laura Jimbu Oana Mesaros Corina Joldes Alexandra Neaga Laura Zaharie Mihnea Zdrenghea |
| author_sort | Laura Jimbu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) associated with gene expression regulation. Since the discovery of the first miRNA in 1993, thousands of miRNAs have been studied and they have been associated not only with physiological processes, but also with various diseases such as cancer and inflammatory conditions. MiRNAs have proven to be not only significant biomarkers but also an interesting therapeutic target in various diseases, including cancer. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), miRNAs have been regarded as a welcome addition to the limited therapeutic armamentarium, and there is a vast amount of data on miRNAs and their dysregulation. Macrophages are innate immune cells, present in various tissues involved in both tissue repair and phagocytosis. Based on their polarization, macrophages can be classified into two groups: M1 macrophages with pro-inflammatory functions and M2 macrophages with an anti-inflammatory action. In cancer, M2 macrophages are associated with tumor evasion, metastasis, and a poor outcome. Several miRNAs have been associated with a poor prognosis in AML and with either the M1 or M2 macrophage phenotype. In the present paper, we review miRNAs with a reported negative prognostic significance in cancer with a focus on AML and analyze their potential impact on macrophage polarization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:57:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-75fe2685e4ae45fc8671797b993fe463 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:57:53Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-75fe2685e4ae45fc8671797b993fe4632024-01-29T13:47:19ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-01-0112112110.3390/biomedicines12010121MicroRNAs Associated with a Bad Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Impact on Macrophage PolarizationLaura Jimbu0Oana Mesaros1Corina Joldes2Alexandra Neaga3Laura Zaharie4Mihnea Zdrenghea5Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) associated with gene expression regulation. Since the discovery of the first miRNA in 1993, thousands of miRNAs have been studied and they have been associated not only with physiological processes, but also with various diseases such as cancer and inflammatory conditions. MiRNAs have proven to be not only significant biomarkers but also an interesting therapeutic target in various diseases, including cancer. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), miRNAs have been regarded as a welcome addition to the limited therapeutic armamentarium, and there is a vast amount of data on miRNAs and their dysregulation. Macrophages are innate immune cells, present in various tissues involved in both tissue repair and phagocytosis. Based on their polarization, macrophages can be classified into two groups: M1 macrophages with pro-inflammatory functions and M2 macrophages with an anti-inflammatory action. In cancer, M2 macrophages are associated with tumor evasion, metastasis, and a poor outcome. Several miRNAs have been associated with a poor prognosis in AML and with either the M1 or M2 macrophage phenotype. In the present paper, we review miRNAs with a reported negative prognostic significance in cancer with a focus on AML and analyze their potential impact on macrophage polarization.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/1/121acute myeloid leukemiamacrophage polarizationbad prognosismicroRNA |
| spellingShingle | Laura Jimbu Oana Mesaros Corina Joldes Alexandra Neaga Laura Zaharie Mihnea Zdrenghea MicroRNAs Associated with a Bad Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Impact on Macrophage Polarization Biomedicines acute myeloid leukemia macrophage polarization bad prognosis microRNA |
| title | MicroRNAs Associated with a Bad Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Impact on Macrophage Polarization |
| title_full | MicroRNAs Associated with a Bad Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Impact on Macrophage Polarization |
| title_fullStr | MicroRNAs Associated with a Bad Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Impact on Macrophage Polarization |
| title_full_unstemmed | MicroRNAs Associated with a Bad Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Impact on Macrophage Polarization |
| title_short | MicroRNAs Associated with a Bad Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Impact on Macrophage Polarization |
| title_sort | micrornas associated with a bad prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia and their impact on macrophage polarization |
| topic | acute myeloid leukemia macrophage polarization bad prognosis microRNA |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/1/121 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT laurajimbu micrornasassociatedwithabadprognosisinacutemyeloidleukemiaandtheirimpactonmacrophagepolarization AT oanamesaros micrornasassociatedwithabadprognosisinacutemyeloidleukemiaandtheirimpactonmacrophagepolarization AT corinajoldes micrornasassociatedwithabadprognosisinacutemyeloidleukemiaandtheirimpactonmacrophagepolarization AT alexandraneaga micrornasassociatedwithabadprognosisinacutemyeloidleukemiaandtheirimpactonmacrophagepolarization AT laurazaharie micrornasassociatedwithabadprognosisinacutemyeloidleukemiaandtheirimpactonmacrophagepolarization AT mihneazdrenghea micrornasassociatedwithabadprognosisinacutemyeloidleukemiaandtheirimpactonmacrophagepolarization |