Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges of Exosomes in Oral Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Hongyu Liu,1 Yisheng Huang,1 Mingshu Huang,1 Zhijie Huang,1 Qin Wang,1 Ling Qing,1 Li Li,1 Shuaimei Xu,2 Bo Jia1 1Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Med...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2022-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Nanomedicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/current-status-opportunities-and-challenges-of-exosomes-in-oral-cancer-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN |
| _version_ | 1818120546027569152 |
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| author | Liu H Huang Y Huang M Huang Z Wang Q Qing L Li L Xu S Jia B |
| author_facet | Liu H Huang Y Huang M Huang Z Wang Q Qing L Li L Xu S Jia B |
| author_sort | Liu H |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hongyu Liu,1 Yisheng Huang,1 Mingshu Huang,1 Zhijie Huang,1 Qin Wang,1 Ling Qing,1 Li Li,1 Shuaimei Xu,2 Bo Jia1 1Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shuaimei Xu; Bo Jia, Email xushuaimei@126.com; dentist-jia@163.comAbstract: Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, with more than 300,000 cases diagnosed each year, of which oral squamous cell carcinoma accounts for more than 90%, with a 5-year survival rate of only 40– 60%, and poor prognosis. Exploring new strategies for the early diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer is key to improving the survival rate. Exosomes are nanoscale lipid bilayer membrane vesicles that are secreted by almost all cell types. During the development of oral cancer, exosomes can transport their contents (DNA, RNA, proteins, etc) to target cells and promote or inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of oral cancer cells by influencing the host immune response, drug-resistant metastasis, and tumour angiogenesis. Therefore, exosomes have great potential and advantages as biomarkers for oral cancer diagnosis, and as drug delivery vehicles or targets for oral cancer therapy. In this review, we first describe the biogenesis, biological functions, and isolation methods of exosomes, followed by their relationship with oral cancer. Here, we focused on the potential of exosomes as oral cancer biomarkers, drug carriers, and therapeutic targets. Finally, we provide an insightful discussion of the opportunities and challenges of exosome application in oral cancer diagnosis and treatment, intending to offer new ideas for the clinical management of oral cancer.Keywords: exosomes, oral cancer, biomarkers, drug delivery vehicles, therapeutic target |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:27:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-760bad35a6744aaf8143fe195dbb95bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-2013 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:27:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Nanomedicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-760bad35a6744aaf8143fe195dbb95bd2022-12-22T01:19:31ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of Nanomedicine1178-20132022-06-01Volume 172679270575989Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges of Exosomes in Oral Cancer Diagnosis and TreatmentLiu HHuang YHuang MHuang ZWang QQing LLi LXu SJia BHongyu Liu,1 Yisheng Huang,1 Mingshu Huang,1 Zhijie Huang,1 Qin Wang,1 Ling Qing,1 Li Li,1 Shuaimei Xu,2 Bo Jia1 1Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shuaimei Xu; Bo Jia, Email xushuaimei@126.com; dentist-jia@163.comAbstract: Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, with more than 300,000 cases diagnosed each year, of which oral squamous cell carcinoma accounts for more than 90%, with a 5-year survival rate of only 40– 60%, and poor prognosis. Exploring new strategies for the early diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer is key to improving the survival rate. Exosomes are nanoscale lipid bilayer membrane vesicles that are secreted by almost all cell types. During the development of oral cancer, exosomes can transport their contents (DNA, RNA, proteins, etc) to target cells and promote or inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of oral cancer cells by influencing the host immune response, drug-resistant metastasis, and tumour angiogenesis. Therefore, exosomes have great potential and advantages as biomarkers for oral cancer diagnosis, and as drug delivery vehicles or targets for oral cancer therapy. In this review, we first describe the biogenesis, biological functions, and isolation methods of exosomes, followed by their relationship with oral cancer. Here, we focused on the potential of exosomes as oral cancer biomarkers, drug carriers, and therapeutic targets. Finally, we provide an insightful discussion of the opportunities and challenges of exosome application in oral cancer diagnosis and treatment, intending to offer new ideas for the clinical management of oral cancer.Keywords: exosomes, oral cancer, biomarkers, drug delivery vehicles, therapeutic targethttps://www.dovepress.com/current-status-opportunities-and-challenges-of-exosomes-in-oral-cancer-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJNexosomesoral cancerbiomarkersdrug delivery vehiclestherapeutic target. |
| spellingShingle | Liu H Huang Y Huang M Huang Z Wang Q Qing L Li L Xu S Jia B Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges of Exosomes in Oral Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment International Journal of Nanomedicine exosomes oral cancer biomarkers drug delivery vehicles therapeutic target. |
| title | Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges of Exosomes in Oral Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_full | Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges of Exosomes in Oral Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges of Exosomes in Oral Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges of Exosomes in Oral Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_short | Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges of Exosomes in Oral Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment |
| title_sort | current status opportunities and challenges of exosomes in oral cancer diagnosis and treatment |
| topic | exosomes oral cancer biomarkers drug delivery vehicles therapeutic target. |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/current-status-opportunities-and-challenges-of-exosomes-in-oral-cancer-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN |
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