Air pollution and cardiovascular mortality with over 25 years follow-up: A combined analysis of two British cohorts
Background: Adverse effects of air pollution on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality are well established. There are comparatively fewer studies in Europe, and in the UK particularly, than in North America. We examined associations in two British cohorts with >25 years of follow-up. Methods: An...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2017-02-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412016309503 |
| _version_ | 1828157667534700544 |
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| author | Hakim-Moulay Dehbi Marta Blangiardo John Gulliver Daniela Fecht Kees de Hoogh Zaina Al-Kanaani Therese Tillin Rebecca Hardy Nish Chaturvedi Anna L Hansell |
| author_facet | Hakim-Moulay Dehbi Marta Blangiardo John Gulliver Daniela Fecht Kees de Hoogh Zaina Al-Kanaani Therese Tillin Rebecca Hardy Nish Chaturvedi Anna L Hansell |
| author_sort | Hakim-Moulay Dehbi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Adverse effects of air pollution on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality are well established. There are comparatively fewer studies in Europe, and in the UK particularly, than in North America. We examined associations in two British cohorts with >25 years of follow-up. Methods: Annual average NO2, SO2 and black smoke (BS) air pollution exposure estimates for 1991 were obtained from land use regression models using contemporaneous monitoring data. From the European Study of Cohorts and Air Pollution (ESCAPE), air pollution estimates in 2010–11 were obtained for NO2, NOx, PM10, PMcoarse and PM2.5. The exposure estimates were assigned to place of residence 1989 for participants in a national birth cohort born in 1946, the MRC National Study of Health and Development (NSHD), and an adult multi-ethnic London cohort, Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) recruited 1988–91. The combined median follow-up was 26 years. Single-pollutant competing risk models were employed, adjusting for individual risk factors. Results: Elevated non-significant hazard ratios for CVD mortality were seen with 1991 BS and SO2 and with ESCAPE PM10 and PM2.5 in fully adjusted linear models. Per 10 μg/m3 increase HRs were 1.11 [95% CI: 0.76–1.61] for BS, 1.05 [95% CI: 0.91–1.22] for SO2, 1.16 [95% CI: 0.70–1.92] for PM10 and 1.30 [95% CI: 0.39–4.34] for PM2.5, with largest effects seen in the fourth quartile of BS and PM2.5 compared to the first with HR 1.24 [95% CI: 0.91–1.61] and 1.21 [95% CI: 0.88–1.66] respectively. There were no consistent associations with other ESCAPE pollutants, or with 1991 NO2. Modelling using Cox regression led to similar results. Conclusion: Our results support a detrimental long-term effect for air pollutants on cardiovascular mortality. Keywords: Follow-up studies, Environmental epidemiology, Particulate matter, Particles, Long-term exposure |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:33:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7625b47c28244c45b29486adba940324 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:33:24Z |
| publishDate | 2017-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-7625b47c28244c45b29486adba9403242022-12-22T03:57:03ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202017-02-0199275281Air pollution and cardiovascular mortality with over 25 years follow-up: A combined analysis of two British cohortsHakim-Moulay Dehbi0Marta Blangiardo1John Gulliver2Daniela Fecht3Kees de Hoogh4Zaina Al-Kanaani5Therese Tillin6Rebecca Hardy7Nish Chaturvedi8Anna L Hansell9MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK; Corresponding author.MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UKMRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UKMRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UKMRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandMRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UKInstitute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1E 7HB, UKMRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, WC1B 5JU, UKInstitute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1E 7HB, UKMRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UKBackground: Adverse effects of air pollution on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality are well established. There are comparatively fewer studies in Europe, and in the UK particularly, than in North America. We examined associations in two British cohorts with >25 years of follow-up. Methods: Annual average NO2, SO2 and black smoke (BS) air pollution exposure estimates for 1991 were obtained from land use regression models using contemporaneous monitoring data. From the European Study of Cohorts and Air Pollution (ESCAPE), air pollution estimates in 2010–11 were obtained for NO2, NOx, PM10, PMcoarse and PM2.5. The exposure estimates were assigned to place of residence 1989 for participants in a national birth cohort born in 1946, the MRC National Study of Health and Development (NSHD), and an adult multi-ethnic London cohort, Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) recruited 1988–91. The combined median follow-up was 26 years. Single-pollutant competing risk models were employed, adjusting for individual risk factors. Results: Elevated non-significant hazard ratios for CVD mortality were seen with 1991 BS and SO2 and with ESCAPE PM10 and PM2.5 in fully adjusted linear models. Per 10 μg/m3 increase HRs were 1.11 [95% CI: 0.76–1.61] for BS, 1.05 [95% CI: 0.91–1.22] for SO2, 1.16 [95% CI: 0.70–1.92] for PM10 and 1.30 [95% CI: 0.39–4.34] for PM2.5, with largest effects seen in the fourth quartile of BS and PM2.5 compared to the first with HR 1.24 [95% CI: 0.91–1.61] and 1.21 [95% CI: 0.88–1.66] respectively. There were no consistent associations with other ESCAPE pollutants, or with 1991 NO2. Modelling using Cox regression led to similar results. Conclusion: Our results support a detrimental long-term effect for air pollutants on cardiovascular mortality. Keywords: Follow-up studies, Environmental epidemiology, Particulate matter, Particles, Long-term exposurehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412016309503 |
| spellingShingle | Hakim-Moulay Dehbi Marta Blangiardo John Gulliver Daniela Fecht Kees de Hoogh Zaina Al-Kanaani Therese Tillin Rebecca Hardy Nish Chaturvedi Anna L Hansell Air pollution and cardiovascular mortality with over 25 years follow-up: A combined analysis of two British cohorts Environment International |
| title | Air pollution and cardiovascular mortality with over 25 years follow-up: A combined analysis of two British cohorts |
| title_full | Air pollution and cardiovascular mortality with over 25 years follow-up: A combined analysis of two British cohorts |
| title_fullStr | Air pollution and cardiovascular mortality with over 25 years follow-up: A combined analysis of two British cohorts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Air pollution and cardiovascular mortality with over 25 years follow-up: A combined analysis of two British cohorts |
| title_short | Air pollution and cardiovascular mortality with over 25 years follow-up: A combined analysis of two British cohorts |
| title_sort | air pollution and cardiovascular mortality with over 25 years follow up a combined analysis of two british cohorts |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412016309503 |
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