Engineering and evolution of molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases with enhanced activity
Cells have evolved a sophisticated proteostasis network to ensure that proteins acquire and retain their native structure and function. Critical components of this network include molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases, which function to prevent and reverse deleterious protein misfolding. Ne...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmolb.2016.00008/full |
| _version_ | 1818583287798431744 |
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| author | Korrie eMack James eShorter |
| author_facet | Korrie eMack James eShorter |
| author_sort | Korrie eMack |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cells have evolved a sophisticated proteostasis network to ensure that proteins acquire and retain their native structure and function. Critical components of this network include molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases, which function to prevent and reverse deleterious protein misfolding. Nevertheless, proteostasis networks have limits, which when exceeded can have fatal consequences as in various neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A promising strategy is to engineer proteostasis networks to counter challenges presented by specific diseases or specific proteins. Here, we review efforts to enhance the activity of individual molecular chaperones or protein disaggregases via engineering and directed evolution. Remarkably, enhanced global activity or altered substrate specificity of various molecular chaperones, including GroEL, Hsp70, ClpX, and Spy, can be achieved by minor changes in primary sequence and often a single missense mutation. Likewise, small changes in the primary sequence of Hsp104 yield potentiated protein disaggregases that reverse the aggregation and buffer toxicity of various neurodegenerative disease proteins, including α-synuclein, TDP-43, and FUS. Collectively, these advances have revealed key mechanistic and functional insights into chaperone and disaggregase biology. They also suggest that enhanced chaperones and disaggregases could have important applications in treating human disease as well as in the purification of valuable proteins in the pharmaceutical sector. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:02:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7627fd0b9e4647319d72cb4fb77f2c0c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-889X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:02:53Z |
| publishDate | 2016-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7627fd0b9e4647319d72cb4fb77f2c0c2022-12-21T22:38:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences2296-889X2016-03-01310.3389/fmolb.2016.00008185968Engineering and evolution of molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases with enhanced activityKorrie eMack0James eShorter1University of PennsylvaniaUniversity of PennsylvaniaCells have evolved a sophisticated proteostasis network to ensure that proteins acquire and retain their native structure and function. Critical components of this network include molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases, which function to prevent and reverse deleterious protein misfolding. Nevertheless, proteostasis networks have limits, which when exceeded can have fatal consequences as in various neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A promising strategy is to engineer proteostasis networks to counter challenges presented by specific diseases or specific proteins. Here, we review efforts to enhance the activity of individual molecular chaperones or protein disaggregases via engineering and directed evolution. Remarkably, enhanced global activity or altered substrate specificity of various molecular chaperones, including GroEL, Hsp70, ClpX, and Spy, can be achieved by minor changes in primary sequence and often a single missense mutation. Likewise, small changes in the primary sequence of Hsp104 yield potentiated protein disaggregases that reverse the aggregation and buffer toxicity of various neurodegenerative disease proteins, including α-synuclein, TDP-43, and FUS. Collectively, these advances have revealed key mechanistic and functional insights into chaperone and disaggregase biology. They also suggest that enhanced chaperones and disaggregases could have important applications in treating human disease as well as in the purification of valuable proteins in the pharmaceutical sector.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmolb.2016.00008/fullEngineeringHsp70ChaperoneGroELEvolution, MolecularHsp104 |
| spellingShingle | Korrie eMack James eShorter Engineering and evolution of molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases with enhanced activity Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences Engineering Hsp70 Chaperone GroEL Evolution, Molecular Hsp104 |
| title | Engineering and evolution of molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases with enhanced activity |
| title_full | Engineering and evolution of molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases with enhanced activity |
| title_fullStr | Engineering and evolution of molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases with enhanced activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Engineering and evolution of molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases with enhanced activity |
| title_short | Engineering and evolution of molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases with enhanced activity |
| title_sort | engineering and evolution of molecular chaperones and protein disaggregases with enhanced activity |
| topic | Engineering Hsp70 Chaperone GroEL Evolution, Molecular Hsp104 |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmolb.2016.00008/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT korrieemack engineeringandevolutionofmolecularchaperonesandproteindisaggregaseswithenhancedactivity AT jameseshorter engineeringandevolutionofmolecularchaperonesandproteindisaggregaseswithenhancedactivity |