On the Impact of Rotational Mobility in Directional Cellular Systems
The high data rates required for next generation applications necessitate the use of millimeter wave and terahertz bands where bandwidth is abundant. Due to high path loss in these bands, antenna arrays (AAs) are needed to focus the signal in highly directional beams in the desired directions. Howev...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2022-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9834054/ |
| _version_ | 1811222428797370368 |
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| author | Mustafa F. Ozkoc Sanjay Goyal Athanasios Koutsaftis Umer Salim Pei Liu Ravikumar Pragada Shivendra S. Panwar |
| author_facet | Mustafa F. Ozkoc Sanjay Goyal Athanasios Koutsaftis Umer Salim Pei Liu Ravikumar Pragada Shivendra S. Panwar |
| author_sort | Mustafa F. Ozkoc |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The high data rates required for next generation applications necessitate the use of millimeter wave and terahertz bands where bandwidth is abundant. Due to high path loss in these bands, antenna arrays (AAs) are needed to focus the signal in highly directional beams in the desired directions. However, highly directional communication links in these bands are vulnerable to misalignment and blockages due to mobility. Thus, both mobile blockers and user equipment (UE) rotations can significantly increase the handover (HO) frequency, while HO delays and HO failures jeopardize system latency and reliability. Furthermore, the scanning angle of each AA is limited by the orientation of the device, the mounting angle of the AA, the element spacing and the grating sidelobes formed during beamforming, which is referred as Field-of-View (FoV). In scenarios with UE rotational mobility, limited FoV may lead to loss of connection with the source next-generation NodeB (gNB). In this paper, we analyze current HO and radio link monitoring protocols in scenarios with UE rotational mobility and mobile blockers. We use a Markov Chain based analytical model as well as MATLAB based system level simulations to show how user rotation can significantly increase the outage duration under various deployment configurations. We propose enhancements to enable faster HO under user rotations and demonstrate significant performance improvements using simulations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:16:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-76286fbf3a46490cb1f34bc9c2e03175 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2644-125X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:16:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
| spelling | doaj.art-76286fbf3a46490cb1f34bc9c2e031752022-12-22T03:40:47ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society2644-125X2022-01-0131119113310.1109/OJCOMS.2022.31920069834054On the Impact of Rotational Mobility in Directional Cellular SystemsMustafa F. Ozkoc0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9566-3218Sanjay Goyal1Athanasios Koutsaftis2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3406-9554Umer Salim3Pei Liu4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6873-1553Ravikumar Pragada5Shivendra S. Panwar6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9822-6838Research & Innovation Labs, InterDigital Communications, Inc., New York, NY, USAResearch & Innovation Labs, InterDigital Communications, Inc., New York, NY, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USAResearch & Innovation Labs, InterDigital Communications, Inc., New York, NY, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USAResearch & Innovation Labs, InterDigital Communications, Inc., New York, NY, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USAThe high data rates required for next generation applications necessitate the use of millimeter wave and terahertz bands where bandwidth is abundant. Due to high path loss in these bands, antenna arrays (AAs) are needed to focus the signal in highly directional beams in the desired directions. However, highly directional communication links in these bands are vulnerable to misalignment and blockages due to mobility. Thus, both mobile blockers and user equipment (UE) rotations can significantly increase the handover (HO) frequency, while HO delays and HO failures jeopardize system latency and reliability. Furthermore, the scanning angle of each AA is limited by the orientation of the device, the mounting angle of the AA, the element spacing and the grating sidelobes formed during beamforming, which is referred as Field-of-View (FoV). In scenarios with UE rotational mobility, limited FoV may lead to loss of connection with the source next-generation NodeB (gNB). In this paper, we analyze current HO and radio link monitoring protocols in scenarios with UE rotational mobility and mobile blockers. We use a Markov Chain based analytical model as well as MATLAB based system level simulations to show how user rotation can significantly increase the outage duration under various deployment configurations. We propose enhancements to enable faster HO under user rotations and demonstrate significant performance improvements using simulations.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9834054/Blockagesconditional handoverhandoverhighly directional systemslow latencymobility |
| spellingShingle | Mustafa F. Ozkoc Sanjay Goyal Athanasios Koutsaftis Umer Salim Pei Liu Ravikumar Pragada Shivendra S. Panwar On the Impact of Rotational Mobility in Directional Cellular Systems IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Blockages conditional handover handover highly directional systems low latency mobility |
| title | On the Impact of Rotational Mobility in Directional Cellular Systems |
| title_full | On the Impact of Rotational Mobility in Directional Cellular Systems |
| title_fullStr | On the Impact of Rotational Mobility in Directional Cellular Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the Impact of Rotational Mobility in Directional Cellular Systems |
| title_short | On the Impact of Rotational Mobility in Directional Cellular Systems |
| title_sort | on the impact of rotational mobility in directional cellular systems |
| topic | Blockages conditional handover handover highly directional systems low latency mobility |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9834054/ |
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