Persistence of a Core Microbiome Through the Ontogeny of a Multi-Host Parasite
Animal microbiomes influence their development, behavior and interactions with other organisms. Parasitic metazoans also harbor microbial communities; although they are likely to modulate host–parasite interactions, little is known about parasite microbiomes. The persistence of microbial communities...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00954/full |
| _version_ | 1819227568395517952 |
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| author | Fátima Jorge Nolwenn M. Dheilly Nolwenn M. Dheilly Robert Poulin |
| author_facet | Fátima Jorge Nolwenn M. Dheilly Nolwenn M. Dheilly Robert Poulin |
| author_sort | Fátima Jorge |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Animal microbiomes influence their development, behavior and interactions with other organisms. Parasitic metazoans also harbor microbial communities; although they are likely to modulate host–parasite interactions, little is known about parasite microbiomes. The persistence of microbial communities throughout the life of a parasite is particularly challenging for helminths with complex life cycles. These parasites undergo major morphological changes during their life, and parasitize host species that are immunologically, physiologically, and phylogenetically very different. Here, using 16S amplicon sequencing, we characterize the microbiome of the trematode Coitocaecum parvum across four of its life stages: sporocysts, metacercariae and adults inhabiting (respectively) snails, crustaceans and fish, as well as free-living cercariae. Our results demonstrate that, at each life stage, the parasite possesses a phylogenetically diverse microbiome, distinct from that of its hosts or the external environment. The parasite’s microbiome comprises bacterial taxa specific to each life stage in different hosts, as well as a small core set of taxa that persists across the parasite’s whole life. The apparent existence of an ontogenetically and vertically transmitted core microbiome is supported by the findings that the diversity and taxonomic composition of the microbiome does not vary significantly among life stages, and that the main source of microbial taxa at any life stage is the previous life stage. Our results suggest that microbes are an integrated component of the trematode, possibly shaping its phenotype and host–parasite interactions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T10:43:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-76341cc7c81749d4b7cf6904c8cb3df4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T10:43:27Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-76341cc7c81749d4b7cf6904c8cb3df42022-12-21T17:50:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2020-05-011110.3389/fmicb.2020.00954534569Persistence of a Core Microbiome Through the Ontogeny of a Multi-Host ParasiteFátima Jorge0Nolwenn M. Dheilly1Nolwenn M. Dheilly2Robert Poulin3Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New ZealandSchool of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesUnité Génétique Virale de Biosécurité, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail, Ploufragan, FranceDepartment of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New ZealandAnimal microbiomes influence their development, behavior and interactions with other organisms. Parasitic metazoans also harbor microbial communities; although they are likely to modulate host–parasite interactions, little is known about parasite microbiomes. The persistence of microbial communities throughout the life of a parasite is particularly challenging for helminths with complex life cycles. These parasites undergo major morphological changes during their life, and parasitize host species that are immunologically, physiologically, and phylogenetically very different. Here, using 16S amplicon sequencing, we characterize the microbiome of the trematode Coitocaecum parvum across four of its life stages: sporocysts, metacercariae and adults inhabiting (respectively) snails, crustaceans and fish, as well as free-living cercariae. Our results demonstrate that, at each life stage, the parasite possesses a phylogenetically diverse microbiome, distinct from that of its hosts or the external environment. The parasite’s microbiome comprises bacterial taxa specific to each life stage in different hosts, as well as a small core set of taxa that persists across the parasite’s whole life. The apparent existence of an ontogenetically and vertically transmitted core microbiome is supported by the findings that the diversity and taxonomic composition of the microbiome does not vary significantly among life stages, and that the main source of microbial taxa at any life stage is the previous life stage. Our results suggest that microbes are an integrated component of the trematode, possibly shaping its phenotype and host–parasite interactions.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00954/fullbacterial communitiesCoitocaecum parvumholobionttrematodevertical transmission |
| spellingShingle | Fátima Jorge Nolwenn M. Dheilly Nolwenn M. Dheilly Robert Poulin Persistence of a Core Microbiome Through the Ontogeny of a Multi-Host Parasite Frontiers in Microbiology bacterial communities Coitocaecum parvum holobiont trematode vertical transmission |
| title | Persistence of a Core Microbiome Through the Ontogeny of a Multi-Host Parasite |
| title_full | Persistence of a Core Microbiome Through the Ontogeny of a Multi-Host Parasite |
| title_fullStr | Persistence of a Core Microbiome Through the Ontogeny of a Multi-Host Parasite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Persistence of a Core Microbiome Through the Ontogeny of a Multi-Host Parasite |
| title_short | Persistence of a Core Microbiome Through the Ontogeny of a Multi-Host Parasite |
| title_sort | persistence of a core microbiome through the ontogeny of a multi host parasite |
| topic | bacterial communities Coitocaecum parvum holobiont trematode vertical transmission |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00954/full |
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