Overwintering Camelina and Canola/Rapeseed Show Promise for Improving Integrated Weed Management Approaches in the Upper Midwestern U.S.
Winter oilseed cash cover crops are gaining popularity in integrated weed management programs for suppressing weeds. A study was conducted at two field sites (Fargo, North Dakota, and Morris, Minnesota) to determine the freezing tolerance and weed-suppressing traits of winter canola/rapeseed (<i&...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/6/1329 |
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| author | Wun S. Chao James V. Anderson Xuehui Li Russ W. Gesch Marisol T. Berti David P. Horvath |
| author_facet | Wun S. Chao James V. Anderson Xuehui Li Russ W. Gesch Marisol T. Berti David P. Horvath |
| author_sort | Wun S. Chao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Winter oilseed cash cover crops are gaining popularity in integrated weed management programs for suppressing weeds. A study was conducted at two field sites (Fargo, North Dakota, and Morris, Minnesota) to determine the freezing tolerance and weed-suppressing traits of winter canola/rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) and winter camelina [<i>Camelina sativa</i> (L.) Crantz] in the Upper Midwestern USA. The top 10 freezing tolerant accessions from a phenotyped population of winter canola/rapeseed were bulked and planted at both locations along with winter camelina (cv. Joelle) as a check. To phenotype our entire winter <i>B. napus</i> population (621 accessions) for freezing tolerance, seeds were also bulked and planted at both locations. All <i>B. napus</i> and camelina were no-till seeded at Fargo and Morris at two planting dates, late August (PD1) and mid-September (PD2) 2019. Data for winter survival of oilseed crops (plants m<sup>−2</sup>) and their corresponding weed suppression (plants m<sup>−2</sup> and dry matter m<sup>−2</sup>) were collected on two sampling dates (SD) in May and June 2020. Crop and SD were significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) for crop plant density at both locations, and PD in Fargo and crop x PD interaction in Morris were significant for weed dry matter. At Morris and Fargo, PD1 produced greater winter <i>B. napus</i> survival (28% and 5%, respectively) and PD2 produced higher camelina survival (79% and 72%, respectively). Based on coefficient of determination (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>), ~50% of weed density was explained by camelina density, whereas ≤20% was explained by <i>B. napus</i> density at both locations. Camelina from PD2 suppressed weed dry matter by >90% of fallow at both locations, whereas weed dry matter in <i>B. napus</i> was not significantly different from fallow at either PD. Genotyping of overwintering canola/rapeseed under field conditions identified nine accessions that survived at both locations, which also had excellent freezing tolerance under controlled conditions. These accessions are good candidates for improving freezing tolerance in commercial canola cultivars. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:00:16Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-76348db673d24f71bf19f48f8d99ac012023-11-17T13:22:22ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-03-01126132910.3390/plants12061329Overwintering Camelina and Canola/Rapeseed Show Promise for Improving Integrated Weed Management Approaches in the Upper Midwestern U.S.Wun S. Chao0James V. Anderson1Xuehui Li2Russ W. Gesch3Marisol T. Berti4David P. Horvath5USDA-ARS, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102, USAUSDA-ARS, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102, USAPlant Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USAUSDA-ARS, North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, Morris, MN 56267, USAPlant Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USAUSDA-ARS, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102, USAWinter oilseed cash cover crops are gaining popularity in integrated weed management programs for suppressing weeds. A study was conducted at two field sites (Fargo, North Dakota, and Morris, Minnesota) to determine the freezing tolerance and weed-suppressing traits of winter canola/rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) and winter camelina [<i>Camelina sativa</i> (L.) Crantz] in the Upper Midwestern USA. The top 10 freezing tolerant accessions from a phenotyped population of winter canola/rapeseed were bulked and planted at both locations along with winter camelina (cv. Joelle) as a check. To phenotype our entire winter <i>B. napus</i> population (621 accessions) for freezing tolerance, seeds were also bulked and planted at both locations. All <i>B. napus</i> and camelina were no-till seeded at Fargo and Morris at two planting dates, late August (PD1) and mid-September (PD2) 2019. Data for winter survival of oilseed crops (plants m<sup>−2</sup>) and their corresponding weed suppression (plants m<sup>−2</sup> and dry matter m<sup>−2</sup>) were collected on two sampling dates (SD) in May and June 2020. Crop and SD were significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) for crop plant density at both locations, and PD in Fargo and crop x PD interaction in Morris were significant for weed dry matter. At Morris and Fargo, PD1 produced greater winter <i>B. napus</i> survival (28% and 5%, respectively) and PD2 produced higher camelina survival (79% and 72%, respectively). Based on coefficient of determination (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>), ~50% of weed density was explained by camelina density, whereas ≤20% was explained by <i>B. napus</i> density at both locations. Camelina from PD2 suppressed weed dry matter by >90% of fallow at both locations, whereas weed dry matter in <i>B. napus</i> was not significantly different from fallow at either PD. Genotyping of overwintering canola/rapeseed under field conditions identified nine accessions that survived at both locations, which also had excellent freezing tolerance under controlled conditions. These accessions are good candidates for improving freezing tolerance in commercial canola cultivars.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/6/1329camelina (<i>Camelina sativa</i> L.)canola/rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.)freezing tolerancegenotypingoilseed cropsoverwintering |
| spellingShingle | Wun S. Chao James V. Anderson Xuehui Li Russ W. Gesch Marisol T. Berti David P. Horvath Overwintering Camelina and Canola/Rapeseed Show Promise for Improving Integrated Weed Management Approaches in the Upper Midwestern U.S. Plants camelina (<i>Camelina sativa</i> L.) canola/rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) freezing tolerance genotyping oilseed crops overwintering |
| title | Overwintering Camelina and Canola/Rapeseed Show Promise for Improving Integrated Weed Management Approaches in the Upper Midwestern U.S. |
| title_full | Overwintering Camelina and Canola/Rapeseed Show Promise for Improving Integrated Weed Management Approaches in the Upper Midwestern U.S. |
| title_fullStr | Overwintering Camelina and Canola/Rapeseed Show Promise for Improving Integrated Weed Management Approaches in the Upper Midwestern U.S. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Overwintering Camelina and Canola/Rapeseed Show Promise for Improving Integrated Weed Management Approaches in the Upper Midwestern U.S. |
| title_short | Overwintering Camelina and Canola/Rapeseed Show Promise for Improving Integrated Weed Management Approaches in the Upper Midwestern U.S. |
| title_sort | overwintering camelina and canola rapeseed show promise for improving integrated weed management approaches in the upper midwestern u s |
| topic | camelina (<i>Camelina sativa</i> L.) canola/rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) freezing tolerance genotyping oilseed crops overwintering |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/6/1329 |
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