An Authentication Method for AMBTC Compressed Images Using Dual Embedding Strategies
In this paper, we proposed an efficient authentication method with dual embedment strategies for absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) compressed images. Prior authentication works did not take the smoothness of blocks into account and only used single embedding strategies for embedment, t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/3/1402 |
| _version_ | 1797625189724323840 |
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| author | Xiaoyu Zhou Jeanne Chen Guangsong Yang Zheng-Feng Lin Wien Hong |
| author_facet | Xiaoyu Zhou Jeanne Chen Guangsong Yang Zheng-Feng Lin Wien Hong |
| author_sort | Xiaoyu Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, we proposed an efficient authentication method with dual embedment strategies for absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) compressed images. Prior authentication works did not take the smoothness of blocks into account and only used single embedding strategies for embedment, thereby limiting image quality. In the proposed method, blocks were classified as either smooth or complex ones, and dual embedding strategies used for embedment. Respectively, bitmaps and quantized values were embedded with authentication codes, while recognizing that embedment in bitmaps of complex blocks resulted in higher distortion than in smooth blocks. Therefore, authentication codes were embedded into bitmaps of smooth blocks and quantized values of complex blocks. In addition, our method exploited to-be-protected contents to generate authentication codes, thereby providing satisfactory detection results. Experimental results showed that some special tampering, undetected by prior works, were detected by the proposed method and the averaged image quality was significantly improved by at least 1.39 dB. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:53:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7663e2f91f014764a580b42045c26a92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:53:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7663e2f91f014764a580b42045c26a922023-11-16T16:04:56ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-01-01133140210.3390/app13031402An Authentication Method for AMBTC Compressed Images Using Dual Embedding StrategiesXiaoyu Zhou0Jeanne Chen1Guangsong Yang2Zheng-Feng Lin3Wien Hong4School of Ocean Information Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaDepartment Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung City 404, TaiwanSchool of Ocean Information Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaDepartment Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung City 404, TaiwanDepartment Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung City 404, TaiwanIn this paper, we proposed an efficient authentication method with dual embedment strategies for absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) compressed images. Prior authentication works did not take the smoothness of blocks into account and only used single embedding strategies for embedment, thereby limiting image quality. In the proposed method, blocks were classified as either smooth or complex ones, and dual embedding strategies used for embedment. Respectively, bitmaps and quantized values were embedded with authentication codes, while recognizing that embedment in bitmaps of complex blocks resulted in higher distortion than in smooth blocks. Therefore, authentication codes were embedded into bitmaps of smooth blocks and quantized values of complex blocks. In addition, our method exploited to-be-protected contents to generate authentication codes, thereby providing satisfactory detection results. Experimental results showed that some special tampering, undetected by prior works, were detected by the proposed method and the averaged image quality was significantly improved by at least 1.39 dB.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/3/1402AMBTCauthenticationmatrix encodingAPPM |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoyu Zhou Jeanne Chen Guangsong Yang Zheng-Feng Lin Wien Hong An Authentication Method for AMBTC Compressed Images Using Dual Embedding Strategies Applied Sciences AMBTC authentication matrix encoding APPM |
| title | An Authentication Method for AMBTC Compressed Images Using Dual Embedding Strategies |
| title_full | An Authentication Method for AMBTC Compressed Images Using Dual Embedding Strategies |
| title_fullStr | An Authentication Method for AMBTC Compressed Images Using Dual Embedding Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Authentication Method for AMBTC Compressed Images Using Dual Embedding Strategies |
| title_short | An Authentication Method for AMBTC Compressed Images Using Dual Embedding Strategies |
| title_sort | authentication method for ambtc compressed images using dual embedding strategies |
| topic | AMBTC authentication matrix encoding APPM |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/3/1402 |
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