Applying the Action Principle of Classical Mechanics to the Thermodynamics of the Troposphere
Advances in applied mechanics have facilitated a better understanding of the recycling of heat and work in the troposphere. This goal is important to meet practical needs for better management of climate science. Achieving this objective may require the application of quantum principles in action me...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Mechanics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/4/2/37 |
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| author | Ivan R. Kennedy Migdat Hodzic |
| author_facet | Ivan R. Kennedy Migdat Hodzic |
| author_sort | Ivan R. Kennedy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Advances in applied mechanics have facilitated a better understanding of the recycling of heat and work in the troposphere. This goal is important to meet practical needs for better management of climate science. Achieving this objective may require the application of quantum principles in action mechanics, recently employed to analyze the reversible thermodynamics of Carnot’s heat engine cycle. The testable proposals suggested here seek to solve several problems including (i) the phenomena of decreasing temperature and molecular entropy but increasing Gibbs energy with altitude in the troposphere; (ii) a reversible system storing thermal energy to drive vortical wind flow in anticyclones while frictionally warming the Earth’s surface by heat release from turbulence; (iii) vortical generation of electrical power from translational momentum in airflow in wind farms; and (iv) vortical energy in the destructive power of tropical cyclones. The scalar property of molecular action (@<sub>t</sub> <i>≡</i> ∫<i>mvds</i>, J-sec) is used to show how equilibrium temperatures are achieved from statistical equality of mechanical torques (<i>mv</i><sup>2</sup> or <i>mr</i><sup>2</sup>ω<sup>2</sup>); these are exerted by Gibbs field quanta for each kind of gas phase molecule as rates of translational action (<i>d</i>@<sub>t</sub>/<i>dt ≡</i> ∫<i>mr</i><sup>2</sup>ω<i>dϕ</i>/<i>dt ≡ mv</i><sup>2</sup>). These torques result from the impulsive density of resonant quantum or Gibbs fields with molecules, configuring the trajectories of gas molecules while balancing molecular pressure against the density of field energy (J/m<sup>3</sup>). Gibbs energy fields contain no resonant quanta at zero Kelvin, with this chemical potential diminishing in magnitude as the translational action of vapor molecules and quantum field energy content increases with temperature. These cases distinguish symmetrically between causal fields of impulsive quanta (Σ<i>h</i>ν) that energize the action of matter and the resultant kinetic torques of molecular mechanics (<i>mv</i><sup>2</sup>). The quanta of these different fields display mean wavelengths from 10<sup>−4</sup> m to 10<sup>12</sup> m, with radial mechanical advantages many orders of magnitude greater than the corresponding translational actions, though with mean quantum frequencies (v) similar to those of radial Brownian movement for independent particles (ω). Widespread neglect of the Gibbs field energy component of natural systems may be preventing advances in tropospheric mechanics. A better understanding of these vortical Gibbs energy fields as thermodynamically reversible reservoirs for heat can help optimize work processes on Earth, delaying the achievement of maximum entropy production from short-wave solar radiation being converted to outgoing long-wave radiation to space. This understanding may improve strategies for management of global changes in climate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:49:47Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-3161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:49:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| series | Applied Mechanics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7664b143fa844a108f2124203de2cfc12023-11-18T09:05:08ZengMDPI AGApplied Mechanics2673-31612023-06-014272975110.3390/applmech4020037Applying the Action Principle of Classical Mechanics to the Thermodynamics of the TroposphereIvan R. Kennedy0Migdat Hodzic1Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaFaculty of Information Technologies, University Dzemal Bijedic in Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and HerzegovinaAdvances in applied mechanics have facilitated a better understanding of the recycling of heat and work in the troposphere. This goal is important to meet practical needs for better management of climate science. Achieving this objective may require the application of quantum principles in action mechanics, recently employed to analyze the reversible thermodynamics of Carnot’s heat engine cycle. The testable proposals suggested here seek to solve several problems including (i) the phenomena of decreasing temperature and molecular entropy but increasing Gibbs energy with altitude in the troposphere; (ii) a reversible system storing thermal energy to drive vortical wind flow in anticyclones while frictionally warming the Earth’s surface by heat release from turbulence; (iii) vortical generation of electrical power from translational momentum in airflow in wind farms; and (iv) vortical energy in the destructive power of tropical cyclones. The scalar property of molecular action (@<sub>t</sub> <i>≡</i> ∫<i>mvds</i>, J-sec) is used to show how equilibrium temperatures are achieved from statistical equality of mechanical torques (<i>mv</i><sup>2</sup> or <i>mr</i><sup>2</sup>ω<sup>2</sup>); these are exerted by Gibbs field quanta for each kind of gas phase molecule as rates of translational action (<i>d</i>@<sub>t</sub>/<i>dt ≡</i> ∫<i>mr</i><sup>2</sup>ω<i>dϕ</i>/<i>dt ≡ mv</i><sup>2</sup>). These torques result from the impulsive density of resonant quantum or Gibbs fields with molecules, configuring the trajectories of gas molecules while balancing molecular pressure against the density of field energy (J/m<sup>3</sup>). Gibbs energy fields contain no resonant quanta at zero Kelvin, with this chemical potential diminishing in magnitude as the translational action of vapor molecules and quantum field energy content increases with temperature. These cases distinguish symmetrically between causal fields of impulsive quanta (Σ<i>h</i>ν) that energize the action of matter and the resultant kinetic torques of molecular mechanics (<i>mv</i><sup>2</sup>). The quanta of these different fields display mean wavelengths from 10<sup>−4</sup> m to 10<sup>12</sup> m, with radial mechanical advantages many orders of magnitude greater than the corresponding translational actions, though with mean quantum frequencies (v) similar to those of radial Brownian movement for independent particles (ω). Widespread neglect of the Gibbs field energy component of natural systems may be preventing advances in tropospheric mechanics. A better understanding of these vortical Gibbs energy fields as thermodynamically reversible reservoirs for heat can help optimize work processes on Earth, delaying the achievement of maximum entropy production from short-wave solar radiation being converted to outgoing long-wave radiation to space. This understanding may improve strategies for management of global changes in climate.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/4/2/37quantum of actionaction mechanicsvortical actionprinciple of least actionquantaGibbs energy |
| spellingShingle | Ivan R. Kennedy Migdat Hodzic Applying the Action Principle of Classical Mechanics to the Thermodynamics of the Troposphere Applied Mechanics quantum of action action mechanics vortical action principle of least action quanta Gibbs energy |
| title | Applying the Action Principle of Classical Mechanics to the Thermodynamics of the Troposphere |
| title_full | Applying the Action Principle of Classical Mechanics to the Thermodynamics of the Troposphere |
| title_fullStr | Applying the Action Principle of Classical Mechanics to the Thermodynamics of the Troposphere |
| title_full_unstemmed | Applying the Action Principle of Classical Mechanics to the Thermodynamics of the Troposphere |
| title_short | Applying the Action Principle of Classical Mechanics to the Thermodynamics of the Troposphere |
| title_sort | applying the action principle of classical mechanics to the thermodynamics of the troposphere |
| topic | quantum of action action mechanics vortical action principle of least action quanta Gibbs energy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/4/2/37 |
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