CHANGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR BURDEN ATTRIBUTABLE TO AIR POLLUTION IN SOUTH ASIA OVER THE PAST 30 YEARS: EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE:
Therapeutic Area: ASCVD/CVD Risk Factors Background: Particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is a global health problem associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. With the use of fossil fuels and ambient air pollution levels many-fold over the air quality standards, air pollution is a signifi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-09-01
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| Series: | American Journal of Preventive Cardiology |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266666772300106X |
| _version_ | 1797676558289207296 |
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| author | Tabitha Lobo Gabriel Barreto-D'Silva Issam Motairek Sarju Ganatra Sourbha S. Dani Priyanka deSouza Khurram Nasir Yakov Elgudin Sanjay Rajagopalan Sadeer Al-Kindi Salil V Deo |
| author_facet | Tabitha Lobo Gabriel Barreto-D'Silva Issam Motairek Sarju Ganatra Sourbha S. Dani Priyanka deSouza Khurram Nasir Yakov Elgudin Sanjay Rajagopalan Sadeer Al-Kindi Salil V Deo |
| author_sort | Tabitha Lobo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Therapeutic Area: ASCVD/CVD Risk Factors Background: Particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is a global health problem associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. With the use of fossil fuels and ambient air pollution levels many-fold over the air quality standards, air pollution is a significant concern in the South Asia region (SAR). We, therefore, sought to examine the effect of particulate matter on cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden in the SAR from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We used the 1990–2019 global burden of disease methodology to calculate the total PM2.5, ambient PM2.5, and household PM2.5-related CVD deaths and years of life lost (YLL) in SAR (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal). We additionally tracked population-weighted ambient PM2.5 and household air pollution (HAP) use (proportion of population) over the study period using the State of the Global Air repository. Results: The average annual population-weighted ambient PM2.5 exposure in SAR increased from 68 μg/m3 [95% confidence interval (CI): 34.5-120] in 1990 to 78.2 μg/m3 [95% CI: 71.9–85] in 2019. This is contrasted with a reduction in the proportion of HAP exposure proportion from 86% (95% CI: 85-87) in 1990 to 61% (95% CI: 58-63) in 2019. In 2019, particulate matter pollution contributed to 27.6% (95% CI: 25.7-29.5%) of deaths and 31.4% (95% CI: 29.3–33.4%) of YLL due to CVD in the SAR. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized rate of PM2.5-attributable CVD death decreased by 52 per 100,000 due to HAP and increased by 23 per 100,000 due to ambient PM2.5. Similarly, the age standardized rate of YLL attributed to HAP decreased by 63.4% while that attributed to ambient PM2.5 increased by 107.2% from 1990 to 2019. Conclusions: Despite the decrease in HAP exposure, ambient PM2.5 increased in SAR over the past 3 decades. Overall PM2.5 air pollution continues to have significant contribution to overall CVD mortality, accounting for one quarter of CVD deaths. Societal and personal interventions are urgently needed to curb the CVD pandemic in SAR. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:30:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7668078394764154bae9d3f9560a5254 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-6677 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:30:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | American Journal of Preventive Cardiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7668078394764154bae9d3f9560a52542023-09-23T05:13:04ZengElsevierAmerican Journal of Preventive Cardiology2666-66772023-09-0115100565CHANGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR BURDEN ATTRIBUTABLE TO AIR POLLUTION IN SOUTH ASIA OVER THE PAST 30 YEARS: EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE:Tabitha Lobo0Gabriel Barreto-D'Silva1Issam Motairek2Sarju Ganatra3Sourbha S. Dani4Priyanka deSouza5Khurram Nasir6Yakov Elgudin7Sanjay Rajagopalan8Sadeer Al-Kindi9Salil V Deo10Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USAWake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USAHarrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USADivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Beth Israel Lahey Health, Burlington, Massachusetts, USADivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Beth Israel Lahey Health, Burlington, Massachusetts, USADepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USAHouston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TXHarrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USAHarrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USAHarrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USALouis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland, OH, USATherapeutic Area: ASCVD/CVD Risk Factors Background: Particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is a global health problem associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. With the use of fossil fuels and ambient air pollution levels many-fold over the air quality standards, air pollution is a significant concern in the South Asia region (SAR). We, therefore, sought to examine the effect of particulate matter on cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden in the SAR from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We used the 1990–2019 global burden of disease methodology to calculate the total PM2.5, ambient PM2.5, and household PM2.5-related CVD deaths and years of life lost (YLL) in SAR (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal). We additionally tracked population-weighted ambient PM2.5 and household air pollution (HAP) use (proportion of population) over the study period using the State of the Global Air repository. Results: The average annual population-weighted ambient PM2.5 exposure in SAR increased from 68 μg/m3 [95% confidence interval (CI): 34.5-120] in 1990 to 78.2 μg/m3 [95% CI: 71.9–85] in 2019. This is contrasted with a reduction in the proportion of HAP exposure proportion from 86% (95% CI: 85-87) in 1990 to 61% (95% CI: 58-63) in 2019. In 2019, particulate matter pollution contributed to 27.6% (95% CI: 25.7-29.5%) of deaths and 31.4% (95% CI: 29.3–33.4%) of YLL due to CVD in the SAR. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized rate of PM2.5-attributable CVD death decreased by 52 per 100,000 due to HAP and increased by 23 per 100,000 due to ambient PM2.5. Similarly, the age standardized rate of YLL attributed to HAP decreased by 63.4% while that attributed to ambient PM2.5 increased by 107.2% from 1990 to 2019. Conclusions: Despite the decrease in HAP exposure, ambient PM2.5 increased in SAR over the past 3 decades. Overall PM2.5 air pollution continues to have significant contribution to overall CVD mortality, accounting for one quarter of CVD deaths. Societal and personal interventions are urgently needed to curb the CVD pandemic in SAR.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266666772300106X |
| spellingShingle | Tabitha Lobo Gabriel Barreto-D'Silva Issam Motairek Sarju Ganatra Sourbha S. Dani Priyanka deSouza Khurram Nasir Yakov Elgudin Sanjay Rajagopalan Sadeer Al-Kindi Salil V Deo CHANGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR BURDEN ATTRIBUTABLE TO AIR POLLUTION IN SOUTH ASIA OVER THE PAST 30 YEARS: EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE: American Journal of Preventive Cardiology |
| title | CHANGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR BURDEN ATTRIBUTABLE TO AIR POLLUTION IN SOUTH ASIA OVER THE PAST 30 YEARS: EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE: |
| title_full | CHANGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR BURDEN ATTRIBUTABLE TO AIR POLLUTION IN SOUTH ASIA OVER THE PAST 30 YEARS: EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE: |
| title_fullStr | CHANGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR BURDEN ATTRIBUTABLE TO AIR POLLUTION IN SOUTH ASIA OVER THE PAST 30 YEARS: EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE: |
| title_full_unstemmed | CHANGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR BURDEN ATTRIBUTABLE TO AIR POLLUTION IN SOUTH ASIA OVER THE PAST 30 YEARS: EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE: |
| title_short | CHANGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR BURDEN ATTRIBUTABLE TO AIR POLLUTION IN SOUTH ASIA OVER THE PAST 30 YEARS: EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE: |
| title_sort | changes in cardiovascular burden attributable to air pollution in south asia over the past 30 years evidence from the global burden of disease |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266666772300106X |
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