Characteristics of Allergic, Eosinophilic, and Overlapping Asthma Phenotypes Among Pediatric Patients with Current Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia
Ali Alsuheel Asseri Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ali Alsuheel Asseri, Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966500186013, Email alsoheel11@kku.edu.saPurpose: Asth...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Asthma and Allergy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/characteristics-of-allergic-eosinophilic-and-overlapping-asthma-phenot-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JAA |
| _version_ | 1797405705200730112 |
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| author | Asseri AA |
| author_facet | Asseri AA |
| author_sort | Asseri AA |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ali Alsuheel Asseri Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ali Alsuheel Asseri, Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966500186013, Email alsoheel11@kku.edu.saPurpose: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting 10%– 30% of children in Saudi Arabia. Although data exist on adult asthma phenotyping and endotyping in Saudi Arabia, little is known about asthma phenotypes in Saudi children.Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled pediatric patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma and followed in the pediatric pulmonology clinic of the Abha Maternity and Children Hospital between August 2021 and May 2023.Results: A total of 321 children (aged 5– 14 years) were analyzed. The population was classified into allergic [169 (52.6%)], eosinophilic [144 (44.9%)], and overlapping allergic and eosinophilic asthma [97 (30.2%)] phenotypes. Regarding asthma severity, 35.5%, 50.2%, and 14.3% were classified as mild, moderate, and severe, respectively. Of the 321 patients in the study, 124 (38.6%) had at least one asthma exacerbation that required hospitalization. The number of reported missed school days in the previous year was 1571 days [190 (59.2%) patients reported at least one missed school day]. The factors associated with the likelihood of uncontrolled asthma for all study participants included: emergency room (ER) visit last year (OR = 3.7, 95% CI:0.6– 15.9]), overlapping eosinophilic and allergic (OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.8– 5.9), and allergic phenotype (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.3– 5.4). The level of asthma control differed significantly among the three asthma phenotypes (p = 0.037).Conclusion: Allergic asthma is the most prevalent asthma phenotype in this study, followed by the eosinophilic phenotype. The research has also shown that several factors predict uncontrolled asthma, including a family history of asthma, previous admission to the PICU, and previous hospitalization ever. There is, therefore, a definite need for multicenter cohort studies to better understand the phenotypes and endotypes of childhood asthma, as it could offer therapeutic and prognostic relevance.Keywords: children, asthma, childhood asthma phenotypes, uncontrolled asthma, allergic asthma |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:15:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-76996ca6f60c4d86ba827a15a43c64ac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-6965 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:15:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Asthma and Allergy |
| spelling | doaj.art-76996ca6f60c4d86ba827a15a43c64ac2023-12-03T18:07:37ZengDove Medical PressJournal of Asthma and Allergy1178-69652023-12-01Volume 161297130888640Characteristics of Allergic, Eosinophilic, and Overlapping Asthma Phenotypes Among Pediatric Patients with Current Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi ArabiaAsseri AAAli Alsuheel Asseri Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ali Alsuheel Asseri, Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966500186013, Email alsoheel11@kku.edu.saPurpose: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting 10%– 30% of children in Saudi Arabia. Although data exist on adult asthma phenotyping and endotyping in Saudi Arabia, little is known about asthma phenotypes in Saudi children.Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled pediatric patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma and followed in the pediatric pulmonology clinic of the Abha Maternity and Children Hospital between August 2021 and May 2023.Results: A total of 321 children (aged 5– 14 years) were analyzed. The population was classified into allergic [169 (52.6%)], eosinophilic [144 (44.9%)], and overlapping allergic and eosinophilic asthma [97 (30.2%)] phenotypes. Regarding asthma severity, 35.5%, 50.2%, and 14.3% were classified as mild, moderate, and severe, respectively. Of the 321 patients in the study, 124 (38.6%) had at least one asthma exacerbation that required hospitalization. The number of reported missed school days in the previous year was 1571 days [190 (59.2%) patients reported at least one missed school day]. The factors associated with the likelihood of uncontrolled asthma for all study participants included: emergency room (ER) visit last year (OR = 3.7, 95% CI:0.6– 15.9]), overlapping eosinophilic and allergic (OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.8– 5.9), and allergic phenotype (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.3– 5.4). The level of asthma control differed significantly among the three asthma phenotypes (p = 0.037).Conclusion: Allergic asthma is the most prevalent asthma phenotype in this study, followed by the eosinophilic phenotype. The research has also shown that several factors predict uncontrolled asthma, including a family history of asthma, previous admission to the PICU, and previous hospitalization ever. There is, therefore, a definite need for multicenter cohort studies to better understand the phenotypes and endotypes of childhood asthma, as it could offer therapeutic and prognostic relevance.Keywords: children, asthma, childhood asthma phenotypes, uncontrolled asthma, allergic asthmahttps://www.dovepress.com/characteristics-of-allergic-eosinophilic-and-overlapping-asthma-phenot-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JAAchildrenasthmachildhood asthma phenotypesuncontrolled asthmaallergic asthma |
| spellingShingle | Asseri AA Characteristics of Allergic, Eosinophilic, and Overlapping Asthma Phenotypes Among Pediatric Patients with Current Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia Journal of Asthma and Allergy children asthma childhood asthma phenotypes uncontrolled asthma allergic asthma |
| title | Characteristics of Allergic, Eosinophilic, and Overlapping Asthma Phenotypes Among Pediatric Patients with Current Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia |
| title_full | Characteristics of Allergic, Eosinophilic, and Overlapping Asthma Phenotypes Among Pediatric Patients with Current Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of Allergic, Eosinophilic, and Overlapping Asthma Phenotypes Among Pediatric Patients with Current Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of Allergic, Eosinophilic, and Overlapping Asthma Phenotypes Among Pediatric Patients with Current Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia |
| title_short | Characteristics of Allergic, Eosinophilic, and Overlapping Asthma Phenotypes Among Pediatric Patients with Current Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia |
| title_sort | characteristics of allergic eosinophilic and overlapping asthma phenotypes among pediatric patients with current asthma a cross sectional study from saudi arabia |
| topic | children asthma childhood asthma phenotypes uncontrolled asthma allergic asthma |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/characteristics-of-allergic-eosinophilic-and-overlapping-asthma-phenot-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JAA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT asseriaa characteristicsofallergiceosinophilicandoverlappingasthmaphenotypesamongpediatricpatientswithcurrentasthmaacrosssectionalstudyfromsaudiarabia |