Fruit Yields Depend on Biomass and Nutrient Accumulations in New Shoots of Citrus Trees
New shoots (including newly formed leaves and twigs) and fruits of citrus tree are key organs for present yield formation and flower differentiation in the next season, but the relationship between yield fluctuation and accumulations of major nutrients in new shoots and fruits of citrus tree is stil...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1988 |
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| author | Zihan Fan Huaye Xiong Yayin Luo Yuheng Wang Huanyu Zhao Wenli Li Xinhua He Jie Wang Xiaojun Shi Yueqiang Zhang |
| author_facet | Zihan Fan Huaye Xiong Yayin Luo Yuheng Wang Huanyu Zhao Wenli Li Xinhua He Jie Wang Xiaojun Shi Yueqiang Zhang |
| author_sort | Zihan Fan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | New shoots (including newly formed leaves and twigs) and fruits of citrus tree are key organs for present yield formation and flower differentiation in the next season, but the relationship between yield fluctuation and accumulations of major nutrients in new shoots and fruits of citrus tree is still unclear. Thus, to quantify the biomass and mineral nutrient accumulation in new shoots and fruits of citrus trees under varied yield levels has essential significance for rational fertilization and pruning management for citrus orchards. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to investigate the accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), and the distribution of biomass in new shoots and fruits of citrus trees under low, medium and high-yield levels in each of eight orchards located in Chongqing, China. The results showed that substantial variation of fruit yield was observed in all eight orchards with an average yield of 15.0 (low), 30.9 (medium) and 60.1 (high) kg/plant. The averaged biomass of new shoots ranged from 1.59 to 2.51 kg/plant, which was significantly and positively correlated with fruit yield. Nutrient accumulation in leaves was generally highest among new organs, while more than half of N (52.70–71.4%), P (66.5–80.4%) and K (68.9–85.9%) accumulated in fruit. Fruit yields closely correlated with total amounts of major nutrients in new shoots. Furthermore, the nutrient requirements per unit of newly developed shoots and fruits were gradually decreased with increased yield, but the removed nutrients per ton of fresh fruit were almost stable, indicating that more nutrients were distributed into fruit tissues. Taken together, these findings are valuable for optimizing nutrient and pruning management in citrus orchards in China and other similar countries. |
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| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:59:09Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-76ba61aa0b604ba18f1c3b3f9588f7ed2023-11-21T01:21:35ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-12-011012198810.3390/agronomy10121988Fruit Yields Depend on Biomass and Nutrient Accumulations in New Shoots of Citrus TreesZihan Fan0Huaye Xiong1Yayin Luo2Yuheng Wang3Huanyu Zhao4Wenli Li5Xinhua He6Jie Wang7Xiaojun Shi8Yueqiang Zhang9College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaNew shoots (including newly formed leaves and twigs) and fruits of citrus tree are key organs for present yield formation and flower differentiation in the next season, but the relationship between yield fluctuation and accumulations of major nutrients in new shoots and fruits of citrus tree is still unclear. Thus, to quantify the biomass and mineral nutrient accumulation in new shoots and fruits of citrus trees under varied yield levels has essential significance for rational fertilization and pruning management for citrus orchards. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to investigate the accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), and the distribution of biomass in new shoots and fruits of citrus trees under low, medium and high-yield levels in each of eight orchards located in Chongqing, China. The results showed that substantial variation of fruit yield was observed in all eight orchards with an average yield of 15.0 (low), 30.9 (medium) and 60.1 (high) kg/plant. The averaged biomass of new shoots ranged from 1.59 to 2.51 kg/plant, which was significantly and positively correlated with fruit yield. Nutrient accumulation in leaves was generally highest among new organs, while more than half of N (52.70–71.4%), P (66.5–80.4%) and K (68.9–85.9%) accumulated in fruit. Fruit yields closely correlated with total amounts of major nutrients in new shoots. Furthermore, the nutrient requirements per unit of newly developed shoots and fruits were gradually decreased with increased yield, but the removed nutrients per ton of fresh fruit were almost stable, indicating that more nutrients were distributed into fruit tissues. Taken together, these findings are valuable for optimizing nutrient and pruning management in citrus orchards in China and other similar countries.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1988yield levelnew shootsnutrient accumulationfruitnutrient harvest index |
| spellingShingle | Zihan Fan Huaye Xiong Yayin Luo Yuheng Wang Huanyu Zhao Wenli Li Xinhua He Jie Wang Xiaojun Shi Yueqiang Zhang Fruit Yields Depend on Biomass and Nutrient Accumulations in New Shoots of Citrus Trees Agronomy yield level new shoots nutrient accumulation fruit nutrient harvest index |
| title | Fruit Yields Depend on Biomass and Nutrient Accumulations in New Shoots of Citrus Trees |
| title_full | Fruit Yields Depend on Biomass and Nutrient Accumulations in New Shoots of Citrus Trees |
| title_fullStr | Fruit Yields Depend on Biomass and Nutrient Accumulations in New Shoots of Citrus Trees |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fruit Yields Depend on Biomass and Nutrient Accumulations in New Shoots of Citrus Trees |
| title_short | Fruit Yields Depend on Biomass and Nutrient Accumulations in New Shoots of Citrus Trees |
| title_sort | fruit yields depend on biomass and nutrient accumulations in new shoots of citrus trees |
| topic | yield level new shoots nutrient accumulation fruit nutrient harvest index |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1988 |
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