Let’s Sweep: The Effect of Evolving J 2 on the Resonant Structure of a Three-planet System
Short and ultrashort period planets are peculiar types of exoplanets with periods as short as a few days or less. Although it is challenging to detect them, already several have been observed, with many additional candidates. If these planets have formation pathways similar to their longer-period co...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acf378 |
| _version_ | 1797661931499159552 |
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| author | Thea H. Faridani Smadar Naoz Gongjie Li Nicholas Inzunza |
| author_facet | Thea H. Faridani Smadar Naoz Gongjie Li Nicholas Inzunza |
| author_sort | Thea H. Faridani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Short and ultrashort period planets are peculiar types of exoplanets with periods as short as a few days or less. Although it is challenging to detect them, already several have been observed, with many additional candidates. If these planets have formation pathways similar to their longer-period counterparts, they are predicted to reside in multiplanet systems. Thus, gravitational perturbation from potential planetary neighbors may affect their orbital configuration. However, due to their close proximity to their host star, they are also subject to general relativity precession and torques from the stellar spin quadrupole moment ( J _2 ). Here we show that an evolving J _2 due to magnetic braking affects the magnitude and location of secular resonances of the short-period planet in a multiplanet system, thus driving the short-period planet into and out of a secular resonance, exciting the planet’s eccentricity and inclination. The high inclination can hinder transit observation and, in some cases, the high eccentricity may result in an unstable configuration. We propose that evolving J _2 in a multiplanet system can be critical to understanding the detectability and stability of short-period planets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:52:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-76d7dfe28ba24c97a36786dc9c07da61 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:52:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-76d7dfe28ba24c97a36786dc9c07da612023-10-11T09:00:42ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-0195629010.3847/1538-4357/acf378Let’s Sweep: The Effect of Evolving J 2 on the Resonant Structure of a Three-planet SystemThea H. Faridani0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3799-3635Smadar Naoz1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9802-9279Gongjie Li2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8308-0808Nicholas Inzunza3https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3550-2310Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Mani L. Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics , Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Mani L. Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics , Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USACenter for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, GA 30332, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Mani L. Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics , Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USAShort and ultrashort period planets are peculiar types of exoplanets with periods as short as a few days or less. Although it is challenging to detect them, already several have been observed, with many additional candidates. If these planets have formation pathways similar to their longer-period counterparts, they are predicted to reside in multiplanet systems. Thus, gravitational perturbation from potential planetary neighbors may affect their orbital configuration. However, due to their close proximity to their host star, they are also subject to general relativity precession and torques from the stellar spin quadrupole moment ( J _2 ). Here we show that an evolving J _2 due to magnetic braking affects the magnitude and location of secular resonances of the short-period planet in a multiplanet system, thus driving the short-period planet into and out of a secular resonance, exciting the planet’s eccentricity and inclination. The high inclination can hinder transit observation and, in some cases, the high eccentricity may result in an unstable configuration. We propose that evolving J _2 in a multiplanet system can be critical to understanding the detectability and stability of short-period planets.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acf378Exoplanet dynamicsExoplanet evolutionExoplanet formationPlanetary system formation |
| spellingShingle | Thea H. Faridani Smadar Naoz Gongjie Li Nicholas Inzunza Let’s Sweep: The Effect of Evolving J 2 on the Resonant Structure of a Three-planet System The Astrophysical Journal Exoplanet dynamics Exoplanet evolution Exoplanet formation Planetary system formation |
| title | Let’s Sweep: The Effect of Evolving J 2 on the Resonant Structure of a Three-planet System |
| title_full | Let’s Sweep: The Effect of Evolving J 2 on the Resonant Structure of a Three-planet System |
| title_fullStr | Let’s Sweep: The Effect of Evolving J 2 on the Resonant Structure of a Three-planet System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Let’s Sweep: The Effect of Evolving J 2 on the Resonant Structure of a Three-planet System |
| title_short | Let’s Sweep: The Effect of Evolving J 2 on the Resonant Structure of a Three-planet System |
| title_sort | let s sweep the effect of evolving j 2 on the resonant structure of a three planet system |
| topic | Exoplanet dynamics Exoplanet evolution Exoplanet formation Planetary system formation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acf378 |
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