In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical Devices
Introduction: The electromagnetic interference (EMI) of active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) due to 125–135 kHz and HF (13.56MHz) radio-frequency identification (RFID) reader/writers are discussed based on in vitro experiments. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the detailed EMI occurrenc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2009-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Arrhythmia |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1880427609800136 |
| _version_ | 1819074122061185024 |
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| author | Shunichi Futatsumori, PhD Yoshifumi Kawamura Takashi Hikage, PhD Toshio Nojima, PhD Ben Koike Hiroshi Fujimoto Takeshi Toyoshima |
| author_facet | Shunichi Futatsumori, PhD Yoshifumi Kawamura Takashi Hikage, PhD Toshio Nojima, PhD Ben Koike Hiroshi Fujimoto Takeshi Toyoshima |
| author_sort | Shunichi Futatsumori, PhD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The electromagnetic interference (EMI) of active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) due to 125–135 kHz and HF (13.56MHz) radio-frequency identification (RFID) reader/writers are discussed based on in vitro experiments. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the detailed EMI occurrence conditions of both implantable cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) when used in proximity to commercial lowband RFID reader/writers.
Methods and results: A total of 20 types of pacemakers and 7 types of ICDs from 9 manufacturers are used in the experiments. The tested RFID reader/writers are 4 types of 125–135 kHz antennas and 26 types of HF antennas. The test system is newly constructed based on the one previously proposed for the estimation of EMI due to mobile phones. The measured reactions are missing of pacing pulses and generation of asynchronous pulses for pacemaker functions and inappropriate tachyarrhythmia detection and delivery of therapy for ICDs. In addition, measured EMI characteristics strongly depend on intermittent period of RFID signals. However, all AIMDs tested return to normal operation once removed from RFID exposure.
Conclusion: The detailed EMI characteristics of AIMDs and low-band RFID reader/ writers are obtained to prevent adverse interactions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:04:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-76e736281a2540a89a5040852b624a44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1880-4276 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:04:29Z |
| publishDate | 2009-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Arrhythmia |
| spelling | doaj.art-76e736281a2540a89a5040852b624a442022-12-21T18:54:58ZengWileyJournal of Arrhythmia1880-42762009-01-0125314215210.1016/S1880-4276(09)80013-6In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical DevicesShunichi Futatsumori, PhD0Yoshifumi Kawamura1Takashi Hikage, PhD2Toshio Nojima, PhD3Ben Koike4Hiroshi Fujimoto5Takeshi Toyoshima6Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido UniversityGraduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido UniversityGraduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido UniversityGraduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido UniversityJapan Automatic Identification Systems AssociationMedtronic Japan Co., LtdMedtronic Japan Co., LtdIntroduction: The electromagnetic interference (EMI) of active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) due to 125–135 kHz and HF (13.56MHz) radio-frequency identification (RFID) reader/writers are discussed based on in vitro experiments. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the detailed EMI occurrence conditions of both implantable cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) when used in proximity to commercial lowband RFID reader/writers. Methods and results: A total of 20 types of pacemakers and 7 types of ICDs from 9 manufacturers are used in the experiments. The tested RFID reader/writers are 4 types of 125–135 kHz antennas and 26 types of HF antennas. The test system is newly constructed based on the one previously proposed for the estimation of EMI due to mobile phones. The measured reactions are missing of pacing pulses and generation of asynchronous pulses for pacemaker functions and inappropriate tachyarrhythmia detection and delivery of therapy for ICDs. In addition, measured EMI characteristics strongly depend on intermittent period of RFID signals. However, all AIMDs tested return to normal operation once removed from RFID exposure. Conclusion: The detailed EMI characteristics of AIMDs and low-band RFID reader/ writers are obtained to prevent adverse interactions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1880427609800136Electromagnetic compatibilityImplantable cardiac pacemakerImplantable cardioverter defibrillator |
| spellingShingle | Shunichi Futatsumori, PhD Yoshifumi Kawamura Takashi Hikage, PhD Toshio Nojima, PhD Ben Koike Hiroshi Fujimoto Takeshi Toyoshima In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical Devices Journal of Arrhythmia Electromagnetic compatibility Implantable cardiac pacemaker Implantable cardioverter defibrillator |
| title | In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical Devices |
| title_full | In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical Devices |
| title_fullStr | In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical Devices |
| title_full_unstemmed | In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical Devices |
| title_short | In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical Devices |
| title_sort | in vitro assessment of electromagnetic interference due to low band rfid reader writers on active implantable medical devices |
| topic | Electromagnetic compatibility Implantable cardiac pacemaker Implantable cardioverter defibrillator |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1880427609800136 |
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