Reliability of conventional Papanicolaou smear in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis among women with clinical genital infection
Objective: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common reproductive tract infection (RTI) reported among Indian women. BV can influence the persistence of high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus, a causative factor for cervical cancer. BV and cervical cancer are major public health issues in a developing...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
2020-01-01
|
| Series: | South Asian Journal of Cancer |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.4103/sajc.sajc_421_18 |
| _version_ | 1818565290717347840 |
|---|---|
| author | Kavita Vivek Anand Sharmila Anil Pimple Gauravi A. Mishra Rupali V. Sahare Saleem Pathuthara Kedar K. Deodhar Surendra S. Shastri |
| author_facet | Kavita Vivek Anand Sharmila Anil Pimple Gauravi A. Mishra Rupali V. Sahare Saleem Pathuthara Kedar K. Deodhar Surendra S. Shastri |
| author_sort | Kavita Vivek Anand |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common reproductive tract infection (RTI) reported among Indian women. BV can influence the persistence of high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus, a causative factor for cervical cancer. BV and cervical cancer are major public health issues in a developing country like India. It becomes important for a resource-constrained country like India with poor healthcare access to implement control measures to screen and treat RTI in an attempt to prevent the risk for cervical cancer. Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is an established screening tool for cervical cancer and the diagnosis of RTIs, forms a part of its evaluation. The present study explores the validity of conventional Pap smear in diagnosing BV. Methodology: Pap smear and Gram stain smear were collected for 254 women with clinically evident cervicitis/cervicovaginitis (genital infection). Using the Nugent score on Gram stain as a gold standard, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of Pap smear to diagnose BV. Results: The overall prevalence of BV in the study population was 44% using the Nugent score. Pap smear showed sensitivity and specificity of 70.9%. (CI- 61.5% - 79.2%) and 56.8% (CI – 48.2%–65.2%), respectively. The positive predictive value of Pap smear to diagnose BV was 56.5% (CI – 47.8%–64.9%), and the negative predictive value was 71.2% (CI – 61.8%–79.4%). Conclusion: In the present study, conventional Pap smear demonstrates good accuracy to detect BV. Pap testing for cervical cancer screening can additionally serve as an effective screening tool for diagnosing BV among women with genital infection in healthcare settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T01:39:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-76fc0a188a5543fbb14a8321971f3e2d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2278-330X 2278-4306 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T01:39:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | South Asian Journal of Cancer |
| spelling | doaj.art-76fc0a188a5543fbb14a8321971f3e2d2022-12-21T23:21:47ZengThieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.South Asian Journal of Cancer2278-330X2278-43062020-01-010901131610.4103/sajc.sajc_421_18Reliability of conventional Papanicolaou smear in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis among women with clinical genital infectionKavita Vivek Anand0Sharmila Anil Pimple1Gauravi A. Mishra2Rupali V. Sahare3Saleem Pathuthara4Kedar K. Deodhar5Surendra S. Shastri6Department of Preventive Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Affliliated to Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, MaharashtraDepartment of Preventive Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Affliliated to Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, MaharashtraDepartment of Preventive Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Affliliated to Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, MaharashtraDepartment of Microbiology, R. N. Cooper General Hospital, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, MaharashtraDepartment of Cytopathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, MaharashtraDepartment of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, MaharashtraDepartment of Health Disparities Research, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Science, MD Anderson Cancer Centre, HoustonObjective: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common reproductive tract infection (RTI) reported among Indian women. BV can influence the persistence of high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus, a causative factor for cervical cancer. BV and cervical cancer are major public health issues in a developing country like India. It becomes important for a resource-constrained country like India with poor healthcare access to implement control measures to screen and treat RTI in an attempt to prevent the risk for cervical cancer. Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is an established screening tool for cervical cancer and the diagnosis of RTIs, forms a part of its evaluation. The present study explores the validity of conventional Pap smear in diagnosing BV. Methodology: Pap smear and Gram stain smear were collected for 254 women with clinically evident cervicitis/cervicovaginitis (genital infection). Using the Nugent score on Gram stain as a gold standard, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of Pap smear to diagnose BV. Results: The overall prevalence of BV in the study population was 44% using the Nugent score. Pap smear showed sensitivity and specificity of 70.9%. (CI- 61.5% - 79.2%) and 56.8% (CI – 48.2%–65.2%), respectively. The positive predictive value of Pap smear to diagnose BV was 56.5% (CI – 47.8%–64.9%), and the negative predictive value was 71.2% (CI – 61.8%–79.4%). Conclusion: In the present study, conventional Pap smear demonstrates good accuracy to detect BV. Pap testing for cervical cancer screening can additionally serve as an effective screening tool for diagnosing BV among women with genital infection in healthcare settings.http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.4103/sajc.sajc_421_18bacterial vaginosiscervicitishuman papillomavirusnugent scorepapanicolaou smear |
| spellingShingle | Kavita Vivek Anand Sharmila Anil Pimple Gauravi A. Mishra Rupali V. Sahare Saleem Pathuthara Kedar K. Deodhar Surendra S. Shastri Reliability of conventional Papanicolaou smear in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis among women with clinical genital infection South Asian Journal of Cancer bacterial vaginosis cervicitis human papillomavirus nugent score papanicolaou smear |
| title | Reliability of conventional Papanicolaou smear in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis among women with clinical genital infection |
| title_full | Reliability of conventional Papanicolaou smear in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis among women with clinical genital infection |
| title_fullStr | Reliability of conventional Papanicolaou smear in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis among women with clinical genital infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reliability of conventional Papanicolaou smear in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis among women with clinical genital infection |
| title_short | Reliability of conventional Papanicolaou smear in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis among women with clinical genital infection |
| title_sort | reliability of conventional papanicolaou smear in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis among women with clinical genital infection |
| topic | bacterial vaginosis cervicitis human papillomavirus nugent score papanicolaou smear |
| url | http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.4103/sajc.sajc_421_18 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kavitavivekanand reliabilityofconventionalpapanicolaousmearindiagnosingbacterialvaginosisamongwomenwithclinicalgenitalinfection AT sharmilaanilpimple reliabilityofconventionalpapanicolaousmearindiagnosingbacterialvaginosisamongwomenwithclinicalgenitalinfection AT gauraviamishra reliabilityofconventionalpapanicolaousmearindiagnosingbacterialvaginosisamongwomenwithclinicalgenitalinfection AT rupalivsahare reliabilityofconventionalpapanicolaousmearindiagnosingbacterialvaginosisamongwomenwithclinicalgenitalinfection AT saleempathuthara reliabilityofconventionalpapanicolaousmearindiagnosingbacterialvaginosisamongwomenwithclinicalgenitalinfection AT kedarkdeodhar reliabilityofconventionalpapanicolaousmearindiagnosingbacterialvaginosisamongwomenwithclinicalgenitalinfection AT surendrasshastri reliabilityofconventionalpapanicolaousmearindiagnosingbacterialvaginosisamongwomenwithclinicalgenitalinfection |