Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> of Seasonal Fine Particulate Matter
While numerous studies have demonstrated the adverse effects of fine particulate matter (PM) on human health, little attention has been paid to its impact on offspring health. The multigenerational toxic effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) were invest...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/2/116 |
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| author | Rongying Yang Pengxiang Ge Xiaoming Liu Wankang Chen Zhansheng Yan Mindong Chen |
| author_facet | Rongying Yang Pengxiang Ge Xiaoming Liu Wankang Chen Zhansheng Yan Mindong Chen |
| author_sort | Rongying Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | While numerous studies have demonstrated the adverse effects of fine particulate matter (PM) on human health, little attention has been paid to its impact on offspring health. The multigenerational toxic effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) were investigated by acute exposure. PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub> samples were collected and analysed for their chemical composition (inorganic ions, metals, OM, PAHs) in different seasons from April 2019 to January 2020 in Lin’an, China. A higher proportion of organic carbon components (34.3%, 35.9%) and PAHs (0.0144%, 0.0200%) occupied the PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub> samples in winter, respectively. PM<sub>1</sub> in summer was enriched with some metal elements (2.7%). Exposure to fine PM caused developmental slowing and increased germ cell apoptosis, as well as inducing intestinal autofluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. PM<sub>1</sub> caused stronger toxic effects than PM<sub>2.5</sub>. The correlation between PM component and F0 generation toxicity index was analysed. Body length, germ cell apoptosis and intestinal autofluorescence were all highly correlated with Cu, As, Pb, OC and PAHs, most strongly with PAHs. The highest correlation coefficients between ROS and each component are SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> (R = 0.743), Cd (R = 0.816) and OC (R = 0.716). The results imply that OC, PAHs and some transition metals play an important role in the toxicity of fine PM to <i>C. elegans</i>, where the organic fraction may be the key toxicogenic component. The multigenerational studies show that PM toxicity can be passed from parent to offspring, and gradually returns to control levels in the F3–F4 generation with germ cell apoptosis being restored in the F4 generation. Therefore, the adverse effects of PM on reproductive damage are more profound. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:03:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-76fc4fd2016b4f53a0b051daccbacf022023-11-16T23:37:09ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042023-01-0111211610.3390/toxics11020116Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> of Seasonal Fine Particulate MatterRongying Yang0Pengxiang Ge1Xiaoming Liu2Wankang Chen3Zhansheng Yan4Mindong Chen5Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaWhile numerous studies have demonstrated the adverse effects of fine particulate matter (PM) on human health, little attention has been paid to its impact on offspring health. The multigenerational toxic effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) were investigated by acute exposure. PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub> samples were collected and analysed for their chemical composition (inorganic ions, metals, OM, PAHs) in different seasons from April 2019 to January 2020 in Lin’an, China. A higher proportion of organic carbon components (34.3%, 35.9%) and PAHs (0.0144%, 0.0200%) occupied the PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub> samples in winter, respectively. PM<sub>1</sub> in summer was enriched with some metal elements (2.7%). Exposure to fine PM caused developmental slowing and increased germ cell apoptosis, as well as inducing intestinal autofluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. PM<sub>1</sub> caused stronger toxic effects than PM<sub>2.5</sub>. The correlation between PM component and F0 generation toxicity index was analysed. Body length, germ cell apoptosis and intestinal autofluorescence were all highly correlated with Cu, As, Pb, OC and PAHs, most strongly with PAHs. The highest correlation coefficients between ROS and each component are SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> (R = 0.743), Cd (R = 0.816) and OC (R = 0.716). The results imply that OC, PAHs and some transition metals play an important role in the toxicity of fine PM to <i>C. elegans</i>, where the organic fraction may be the key toxicogenic component. The multigenerational studies show that PM toxicity can be passed from parent to offspring, and gradually returns to control levels in the F3–F4 generation with germ cell apoptosis being restored in the F4 generation. Therefore, the adverse effects of PM on reproductive damage are more profound.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/2/116PM<sub>2.5</sub>PM<sub>1</sub>chemical composition<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>offspringapoptosis |
| spellingShingle | Rongying Yang Pengxiang Ge Xiaoming Liu Wankang Chen Zhansheng Yan Mindong Chen Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> of Seasonal Fine Particulate Matter Toxics PM<sub>2.5</sub> PM<sub>1</sub> chemical composition <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> offspring apoptosis |
| title | Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> of Seasonal Fine Particulate Matter |
| title_full | Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> of Seasonal Fine Particulate Matter |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> of Seasonal Fine Particulate Matter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> of Seasonal Fine Particulate Matter |
| title_short | Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> of Seasonal Fine Particulate Matter |
| title_sort | chemical composition and transgenerational effects on i caenorhabditis elegans i of seasonal fine particulate matter |
| topic | PM<sub>2.5</sub> PM<sub>1</sub> chemical composition <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> offspring apoptosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/2/116 |
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