Foot pain and inflammatory markers: a cross sectional study in older adults
Abstract Background Foot disorders may limit independence and reduce quality of life for older adults. Obesity is a risk factor for foot conditions; both mechanical load and metabolic effects may contribute to these conditions. This study determined cross‐sectional associations between inflammatory...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Foot and Ankle Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-022-00565-0 |
| _version_ | 1797321297636622336 |
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| author | Anna C. Siefkas Alyssa B. Dufour Yvonne M. Golightly Hylton B. Menz Howard J. Hillstrom Marian T. Hannan |
| author_facet | Anna C. Siefkas Alyssa B. Dufour Yvonne M. Golightly Hylton B. Menz Howard J. Hillstrom Marian T. Hannan |
| author_sort | Anna C. Siefkas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Foot disorders may limit independence and reduce quality of life for older adults. Obesity is a risk factor for foot conditions; both mechanical load and metabolic effects may contribute to these conditions. This study determined cross‐sectional associations between inflammatory markers and foot disorders. Methods Participants were drawn from the Framingham Foot Study (2002–2008). C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) were each examined for associations with foot pain, forefoot pain, hindfoot pain, hallux valgus, hallux rigidus, and toe deformities (claw, hammer, or overlapping toes). Unadjusted and adjusted (age, body mass index, physical activity, smoking status) sex‐specific logistic regression was performed. Results Of 909 participants, 54% were women (mean age 65 ± 9 years), 20% had foot pain, 29% had hallux valgus, 3% had hallux rigidus, and 27% had toe deformities. In unadjusted models, higher CRP (OR [95% CI] = 1.5 [1.1, 2.0]) and IL‐6 (OR [95% CI] = 1.8 [1.2, 2.6]) were associated with foot pain among men; higher CRP was associated with foot pain (OR [95% CI] = 1.3 [1.0, 1.5]) among women. Higher CRP (OR [95% CI] = 1.9 [1.1, 3.2]) and IL‐6 (OR [95% CI] = 2.4 [1.2, 4.7]) were associated with forefoot pain in men. Higher CRP was associated with hindfoot pain ([95% CI] = 1.8 [1.2, 2.6]) in women. After adjustment, CRP ([95% CI] = 1.5 [1.1, 2.0]) and IL‐6 ([95% CI] = 1.8 [1.2, 2.6]) remained associated with foot pain in men, and IL‐6 with forefoot pain ([95% CI] = 2.9 [1.4, 6.1]) in men. No associations with structural foot disorders were observed. Conclusions Inflammation may impact foot pain. Future work assessing whether inflammation is part of the mechanism linking obesity to foot pain may identify areas for intervention and prevention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T04:56:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-770b70febf484d9593f3305ef3eed940 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-1146 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T04:56:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Foot and Ankle Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-770b70febf484d9593f3305ef3eed9402024-02-07T15:15:31ZengWileyJournal of Foot and Ankle Research1757-11462022-01-01151n/an/a10.1186/s13047-022-00565-0Foot pain and inflammatory markers: a cross sectional study in older adultsAnna C. Siefkas0Alyssa B. Dufour1Yvonne M. Golightly2Hylton B. Menz3Howard J. Hillstrom4Marian T. Hannan5Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health02115BostonMAUSAHinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging ResearchHebrew SeniorLifeBostonMAUSADepartment of EpidemiologyUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSASchool of Allied HealthHuman Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustraliaHospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNYUSADepartment of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health02115BostonMAUSAAbstract Background Foot disorders may limit independence and reduce quality of life for older adults. Obesity is a risk factor for foot conditions; both mechanical load and metabolic effects may contribute to these conditions. This study determined cross‐sectional associations between inflammatory markers and foot disorders. Methods Participants were drawn from the Framingham Foot Study (2002–2008). C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) were each examined for associations with foot pain, forefoot pain, hindfoot pain, hallux valgus, hallux rigidus, and toe deformities (claw, hammer, or overlapping toes). Unadjusted and adjusted (age, body mass index, physical activity, smoking status) sex‐specific logistic regression was performed. Results Of 909 participants, 54% were women (mean age 65 ± 9 years), 20% had foot pain, 29% had hallux valgus, 3% had hallux rigidus, and 27% had toe deformities. In unadjusted models, higher CRP (OR [95% CI] = 1.5 [1.1, 2.0]) and IL‐6 (OR [95% CI] = 1.8 [1.2, 2.6]) were associated with foot pain among men; higher CRP was associated with foot pain (OR [95% CI] = 1.3 [1.0, 1.5]) among women. Higher CRP (OR [95% CI] = 1.9 [1.1, 3.2]) and IL‐6 (OR [95% CI] = 2.4 [1.2, 4.7]) were associated with forefoot pain in men. Higher CRP was associated with hindfoot pain ([95% CI] = 1.8 [1.2, 2.6]) in women. After adjustment, CRP ([95% CI] = 1.5 [1.1, 2.0]) and IL‐6 ([95% CI] = 1.8 [1.2, 2.6]) remained associated with foot pain in men, and IL‐6 with forefoot pain ([95% CI] = 2.9 [1.4, 6.1]) in men. No associations with structural foot disorders were observed. Conclusions Inflammation may impact foot pain. Future work assessing whether inflammation is part of the mechanism linking obesity to foot pain may identify areas for intervention and prevention.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-022-00565-0Foot painFoot disordersInflammationEpidemiologyAgingCohort study |
| spellingShingle | Anna C. Siefkas Alyssa B. Dufour Yvonne M. Golightly Hylton B. Menz Howard J. Hillstrom Marian T. Hannan Foot pain and inflammatory markers: a cross sectional study in older adults Journal of Foot and Ankle Research Foot pain Foot disorders Inflammation Epidemiology Aging Cohort study |
| title | Foot pain and inflammatory markers: a cross sectional study in older adults |
| title_full | Foot pain and inflammatory markers: a cross sectional study in older adults |
| title_fullStr | Foot pain and inflammatory markers: a cross sectional study in older adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Foot pain and inflammatory markers: a cross sectional study in older adults |
| title_short | Foot pain and inflammatory markers: a cross sectional study in older adults |
| title_sort | foot pain and inflammatory markers a cross sectional study in older adults |
| topic | Foot pain Foot disorders Inflammation Epidemiology Aging Cohort study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-022-00565-0 |
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