Refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost China
Abstract Background Refractive errors and visual impairment in southernmost China have not been reported previously. We aim to investigate and determine the age-specific prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and visual impairment based on a large population cross-sectional study in Hainan ar...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Ophthalmology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-01993-5 |
| _version_ | 1818671348014120960 |
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| author | Li Peng Ling Gao Yunyan Zheng Yanan Dai Qing Xie |
| author_facet | Li Peng Ling Gao Yunyan Zheng Yanan Dai Qing Xie |
| author_sort | Li Peng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Refractive errors and visual impairment in southernmost China have not been reported previously. We aim to investigate and determine the age-specific prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and visual impairment based on a large population cross-sectional study in Hainan area of southernmost tropical province in China. Methods A population-based sample of 31,524 children aged 6–15 years from Hainan was assessed. Non-cycloplegic autorefraction and visual acuity (VA) analyses were performed on all participants and a subgroup of participants undergoing cycloplegia. Results Of all participants, 23.0% presented uncorrected VA (UCVA) was worse than 20/40 in worse eye, 6.0% presented mild presenting visual acuity impairment (PVAI), 7.0% presented moderate PVAI, 0.2% presented severe PVAI in the better eye, and 46.9% presented abnormal UCVA [worse than 20/25 (≥ 6, < 8 years old) and worse than 20/20 (≥ 8 years and older)] at least in one eye. The overall prevalence of myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ − 0.50 D] and high myopia (SE ≤ − 6.00 D) were 46.0%, 1.0% respectively. Hyperopia [SE ≥ + 1.00 D (≥ 7 years old) and SE ≥ + 2.00 D (≥ 6, < 7 years old)] and significant hyperopia (SE ≥ + 3.00 D) were 4.2 and 0.6%, respectively. Astigmatism [cylinder ≥ 1.00 D (≥ 7 years old) and ≥ 1.75 D (≥ 6, < 7 years old)] was found in 31.9%. Conclusions Myopia was the most common refractive error in southernmost province in China (Hainan). Its prevalence increased with age, while hyperopia prevalence showed a decreasing trend. However, myopia, especially high myopia prevalence was much lower than in other urban regions across China. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T07:22:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7715598205444d9ab115ff0cf4dc35c4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2415 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T07:22:34Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7715598205444d9ab115ff0cf4dc35c42022-12-21T21:58:44ZengBMCBMC Ophthalmology1471-24152021-05-0121111110.1186/s12886-021-01993-5Refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost ChinaLi Peng0Ling Gao1Yunyan Zheng2Yanan Dai3Qing Xie4Department of Ophthalmology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou HospitalDepartment of Neurosurgery, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou HospitalAbstract Background Refractive errors and visual impairment in southernmost China have not been reported previously. We aim to investigate and determine the age-specific prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and visual impairment based on a large population cross-sectional study in Hainan area of southernmost tropical province in China. Methods A population-based sample of 31,524 children aged 6–15 years from Hainan was assessed. Non-cycloplegic autorefraction and visual acuity (VA) analyses were performed on all participants and a subgroup of participants undergoing cycloplegia. Results Of all participants, 23.0% presented uncorrected VA (UCVA) was worse than 20/40 in worse eye, 6.0% presented mild presenting visual acuity impairment (PVAI), 7.0% presented moderate PVAI, 0.2% presented severe PVAI in the better eye, and 46.9% presented abnormal UCVA [worse than 20/25 (≥ 6, < 8 years old) and worse than 20/20 (≥ 8 years and older)] at least in one eye. The overall prevalence of myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ − 0.50 D] and high myopia (SE ≤ − 6.00 D) were 46.0%, 1.0% respectively. Hyperopia [SE ≥ + 1.00 D (≥ 7 years old) and SE ≥ + 2.00 D (≥ 6, < 7 years old)] and significant hyperopia (SE ≥ + 3.00 D) were 4.2 and 0.6%, respectively. Astigmatism [cylinder ≥ 1.00 D (≥ 7 years old) and ≥ 1.75 D (≥ 6, < 7 years old)] was found in 31.9%. Conclusions Myopia was the most common refractive error in southernmost province in China (Hainan). Its prevalence increased with age, while hyperopia prevalence showed a decreasing trend. However, myopia, especially high myopia prevalence was much lower than in other urban regions across China.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-01993-5Refractive errorsMyopiaHyperopiaVisual impairmentChildren and adolescentsTropical island |
| spellingShingle | Li Peng Ling Gao Yunyan Zheng Yanan Dai Qing Xie Refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost China BMC Ophthalmology Refractive errors Myopia Hyperopia Visual impairment Children and adolescents Tropical island |
| title | Refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost China |
| title_full | Refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost China |
| title_fullStr | Refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost China |
| title_short | Refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost China |
| title_sort | refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost china |
| topic | Refractive errors Myopia Hyperopia Visual impairment Children and adolescents Tropical island |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-01993-5 |
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