Detection of Feline Coronavirus in Feline Effusions by Immunofluorescence Staining and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
Feline coronavirus (FCoV), the pathogen for feline infectious peritonitis, is a lethal infectious agent that can cause effusions in the pleural and abdominal cavities in domestic cats. To study the epidemiology of FCoV in Taiwan, 81 FIP-suspected sick cats with effusive specimens were recruited to t...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/9/698 |
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| author | Yi-Chen Luo I-Li Liu Yu-Tan Chen Hui-Wen Chen |
| author_facet | Yi-Chen Luo I-Li Liu Yu-Tan Chen Hui-Wen Chen |
| author_sort | Yi-Chen Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Feline coronavirus (FCoV), the pathogen for feline infectious peritonitis, is a lethal infectious agent that can cause effusions in the pleural and abdominal cavities in domestic cats. To study the epidemiology of FCoV in Taiwan, 81 FIP-suspected sick cats with effusive specimens were recruited to test for FCoV infection using immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction as detection methods, and viral RNAs were recovered from the specimens to conduct genotyping and phylogenetic analysis based on the spike (S) protein gene. The results revealed that a total of 47 (47/81, 58%) of the sick cats were positive for FCoV in the effusion samples, of which 39 were successfully sequenced and comprised of 21 type I strains, 9 type II strains, and 9 co-infections. The signalment analysis of these sick cats revealed that only the sex of cats showed a significant association (odds ratio = 2.74, 95% confidence interval = 1.06–7.07, <i>p</i> = 0.03) with the infection of FCoV, while age and breed showed no association. FCoV-positive cats demonstrated a significantly lower albumin to globulin ratio than negative individuals (<i>p</i> = 0.0004). The partial S gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that the type I strains demonstrated genetic diversity forming several clades, while the type II strains were more conserved. This study demonstrates the latest epidemiological status of FCoV infection in the northern part of Taiwan among sick cats and presents comparisons of Taiwan and other countries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:50:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77159015662f4de19e9c3be9310d81d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:50:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-77159015662f4de19e9c3be9310d81d72023-11-20T11:18:57ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172020-08-019969810.3390/pathogens9090698Detection of Feline Coronavirus in Feline Effusions by Immunofluorescence Staining and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain ReactionYi-Chen Luo0I-Li Liu1Yu-Tan Chen2Hui-Wen Chen3Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 10617 Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 10617 Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 10617 Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 10617 Taipei, TaiwanFeline coronavirus (FCoV), the pathogen for feline infectious peritonitis, is a lethal infectious agent that can cause effusions in the pleural and abdominal cavities in domestic cats. To study the epidemiology of FCoV in Taiwan, 81 FIP-suspected sick cats with effusive specimens were recruited to test for FCoV infection using immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction as detection methods, and viral RNAs were recovered from the specimens to conduct genotyping and phylogenetic analysis based on the spike (S) protein gene. The results revealed that a total of 47 (47/81, 58%) of the sick cats were positive for FCoV in the effusion samples, of which 39 were successfully sequenced and comprised of 21 type I strains, 9 type II strains, and 9 co-infections. The signalment analysis of these sick cats revealed that only the sex of cats showed a significant association (odds ratio = 2.74, 95% confidence interval = 1.06–7.07, <i>p</i> = 0.03) with the infection of FCoV, while age and breed showed no association. FCoV-positive cats demonstrated a significantly lower albumin to globulin ratio than negative individuals (<i>p</i> = 0.0004). The partial S gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that the type I strains demonstrated genetic diversity forming several clades, while the type II strains were more conserved. This study demonstrates the latest epidemiological status of FCoV infection in the northern part of Taiwan among sick cats and presents comparisons of Taiwan and other countries.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/9/698feline coronavirusimmunofluorescence staininggenotypingspike protein genephylogenetic analysis |
| spellingShingle | Yi-Chen Luo I-Li Liu Yu-Tan Chen Hui-Wen Chen Detection of Feline Coronavirus in Feline Effusions by Immunofluorescence Staining and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Pathogens feline coronavirus immunofluorescence staining genotyping spike protein gene phylogenetic analysis |
| title | Detection of Feline Coronavirus in Feline Effusions by Immunofluorescence Staining and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| title_full | Detection of Feline Coronavirus in Feline Effusions by Immunofluorescence Staining and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Feline Coronavirus in Feline Effusions by Immunofluorescence Staining and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Feline Coronavirus in Feline Effusions by Immunofluorescence Staining and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| title_short | Detection of Feline Coronavirus in Feline Effusions by Immunofluorescence Staining and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| title_sort | detection of feline coronavirus in feline effusions by immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction |
| topic | feline coronavirus immunofluorescence staining genotyping spike protein gene phylogenetic analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/9/698 |
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