Interaction of Hydration Status and Physical Activity Level on Early Renal Damage in Children: A Longitudinal Study
BackgroundOptimal water intake positively affects various aspects of human physiology, especially renal function. Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on hydration status and renal health, but the interaction of hydration status and PA level on renal function is not well-studied in children.Met...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.910291/full |
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| author | Menglong Li Wen Shu Nubiya Amaerjiang Huidi Xiao Jiawulan Zunong Sten H. Vermund Dayong Huang Yifei Hu |
| author_facet | Menglong Li Wen Shu Nubiya Amaerjiang Huidi Xiao Jiawulan Zunong Sten H. Vermund Dayong Huang Yifei Hu |
| author_sort | Menglong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundOptimal water intake positively affects various aspects of human physiology, especially renal function. Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on hydration status and renal health, but the interaction of hydration status and PA level on renal function is not well-studied in children.MethodsWe conducted four waves of urine assays in our child cohort (PROC) study from October 2018 to November 2019 in Beijing, China. We measured urinary specific gravity, β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and microalbumin (MA) excretion to assess hydration status and renal damage in the context of PA level and other covariates among 1,914 primary school children. We determined the associations of renal damage with the interaction of hydration status and PA level using generalized linear mixed-effects models.ResultsThe prevalence of dehydration was 35.0%, 62.1%, 63.9%, and 63.3%, and the prevalence of insufficient PA was 86.2%, 44.9%, 90.4%, and 90.2% from wave 1 to wave 4 among 1,914 primary school children. From wave 1 to wave 4, the prevalence of renal tubular damage had a significant increasing trend of 8.8%, 15.9%, 25.7%, and 29.0% (Z = 16.9, P < 0.001), while the prevalence of glomerular damage revealed a declining trend of 5.6%, 5.5%, 4.4%, and 4.1% (Z = −2.4, P = 0.016). There were stable longitudinal associations of renal tubular and glomerular damage with hydration status (euhydration: OR = 0.50 and 0.33, respectively) but not with PA level. In multivariate analysis, significant interactions of hydration status and PA level were noted with renal tubular damage (β = 0.43, P = 0.014) and glomerular damage (β = 0.60, P = 0.047). Children with euhydration and insufficient PA were less likely to have renal tubular damage (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.53) or glomerular damage (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.39); children with euhydration and sufficient PA were also less likely to have renal tubular damage (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.75) or glomerular damage (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.74), adjusting for age, sex, BMI z-score, standardized SBP, sleep duration, computer/cell phone screen time, and fruit and vegetable intake.ConclusionChildren with euhydration and either sufficient or insufficient PA were less likely to have early renal damage. Adequate daily water intake for children is important, especially after PA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T15:47:29Z |
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| id | doaj.art-77246fdd03ed4c08852c63bc6f53da97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-77246fdd03ed4c08852c63bc6f53da972022-12-22T00:19:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2022-06-01910.3389/fnut.2022.910291910291Interaction of Hydration Status and Physical Activity Level on Early Renal Damage in Children: A Longitudinal StudyMenglong Li0Wen Shu1Nubiya Amaerjiang2Huidi Xiao3Jiawulan Zunong4Sten H. Vermund5Dayong Huang6Yifei Hu7Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaOffice of the Dean, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesDepartment of Hematology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaBackgroundOptimal water intake positively affects various aspects of human physiology, especially renal function. Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on hydration status and renal health, but the interaction of hydration status and PA level on renal function is not well-studied in children.MethodsWe conducted four waves of urine assays in our child cohort (PROC) study from October 2018 to November 2019 in Beijing, China. We measured urinary specific gravity, β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and microalbumin (MA) excretion to assess hydration status and renal damage in the context of PA level and other covariates among 1,914 primary school children. We determined the associations of renal damage with the interaction of hydration status and PA level using generalized linear mixed-effects models.ResultsThe prevalence of dehydration was 35.0%, 62.1%, 63.9%, and 63.3%, and the prevalence of insufficient PA was 86.2%, 44.9%, 90.4%, and 90.2% from wave 1 to wave 4 among 1,914 primary school children. From wave 1 to wave 4, the prevalence of renal tubular damage had a significant increasing trend of 8.8%, 15.9%, 25.7%, and 29.0% (Z = 16.9, P < 0.001), while the prevalence of glomerular damage revealed a declining trend of 5.6%, 5.5%, 4.4%, and 4.1% (Z = −2.4, P = 0.016). There were stable longitudinal associations of renal tubular and glomerular damage with hydration status (euhydration: OR = 0.50 and 0.33, respectively) but not with PA level. In multivariate analysis, significant interactions of hydration status and PA level were noted with renal tubular damage (β = 0.43, P = 0.014) and glomerular damage (β = 0.60, P = 0.047). Children with euhydration and insufficient PA were less likely to have renal tubular damage (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.53) or glomerular damage (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.39); children with euhydration and sufficient PA were also less likely to have renal tubular damage (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.75) or glomerular damage (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.74), adjusting for age, sex, BMI z-score, standardized SBP, sleep duration, computer/cell phone screen time, and fruit and vegetable intake.ConclusionChildren with euhydration and either sufficient or insufficient PA were less likely to have early renal damage. Adequate daily water intake for children is important, especially after PA.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.910291/fullwater intakehydration statusdehydrationphysical activityrenal damagechildren |
| spellingShingle | Menglong Li Wen Shu Nubiya Amaerjiang Huidi Xiao Jiawulan Zunong Sten H. Vermund Dayong Huang Yifei Hu Interaction of Hydration Status and Physical Activity Level on Early Renal Damage in Children: A Longitudinal Study Frontiers in Nutrition water intake hydration status dehydration physical activity renal damage children |
| title | Interaction of Hydration Status and Physical Activity Level on Early Renal Damage in Children: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_full | Interaction of Hydration Status and Physical Activity Level on Early Renal Damage in Children: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_fullStr | Interaction of Hydration Status and Physical Activity Level on Early Renal Damage in Children: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interaction of Hydration Status and Physical Activity Level on Early Renal Damage in Children: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_short | Interaction of Hydration Status and Physical Activity Level on Early Renal Damage in Children: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_sort | interaction of hydration status and physical activity level on early renal damage in children a longitudinal study |
| topic | water intake hydration status dehydration physical activity renal damage children |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.910291/full |
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