Differential Myosin 5a splice variants in innervation of pelvic organs
Introduction: Myosin proteins interact with filamentous actin and translate the chemical energy generated by ATP hydrolysis into a wide variety of mechanical functions in all cell types. The classic function of conventional myosins is mediation of muscle contraction, but myosins also participate in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1304537/full |
| _version_ | 1797394686962302976 |
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| author | Josephine A. Carew Josephine A. Carew Josephine A. Carew Vivian Cristofaro Vivian Cristofaro Vivian Cristofaro Raj K. Goyal Raj K. Goyal Maryrose P. Sullivan Maryrose P. Sullivan Maryrose P. Sullivan |
| author_facet | Josephine A. Carew Josephine A. Carew Josephine A. Carew Vivian Cristofaro Vivian Cristofaro Vivian Cristofaro Raj K. Goyal Raj K. Goyal Maryrose P. Sullivan Maryrose P. Sullivan Maryrose P. Sullivan |
| author_sort | Josephine A. Carew |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Myosin proteins interact with filamentous actin and translate the chemical energy generated by ATP hydrolysis into a wide variety of mechanical functions in all cell types. The classic function of conventional myosins is mediation of muscle contraction, but myosins also participate in processes as diverse as exocytosis/endocytosis, membrane remodeling, and cytokinesis. Myosin 5a (Myo5a) is an unconventional motor protein well-suited to the processive transport of diverse molecular cargo within cells and interactions with multiprotein membrane complexes that facilitate exocytosis. Myo5a includes a region consisting of six small alternative exons which can undergo differential splicing. Neurons and skin melanocytes express characteristic splice variants of Myo5a, which are specialized for transport processes unique to those cell types. But less is known about the expression of Myo5a splice variants in other tissues, their cargos and interactive partners, and their regulation.Methods: In visceral organs, neurotransmission-induced contraction or relaxation of smooth muscle is mediated by Myo5a. Axons within urogenital organs and distal colon of rodents arise from cell bodies located in the major pelvic ganglion (MPG). However, in contrast to urogenital organs, the distal colon also contains soma of the enteric nervous system. Therefore, the rodent pelvic organs provide an opportunity to compare the expression of Myo5a splice variants, not only in different tissues innervated by the pelvic nerves, but also in different subcellular compartments of those nerves. This study examines the expression and distribution of Myo5a splice variants in the MPG, compared to the bladder, corpus cavernosum of the penis (CCP) and distal colon using immunohistochemistry and mRNA analyses.Results/discussion: We report detection of characteristic Myo5a variants in these tissues, with bladder and CCP displaying a similar variant pattern but one which differed from that of distal colon. In all three organs, Myo5a variants were distinct compared to the MPG, implying segregation of one variant within nerve soma and its exclusion from axons. The expression of distinct Myo5a variant arrays is likely to be adaptive, and to underlie specific functions fulfilled by Myo5a in those particular locations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:23:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77250709308b4b398561b02025d1ab87 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:23:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-77250709308b4b398561b02025d1ab872023-12-12T04:56:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2023-12-011410.3389/fphys.2023.13045371304537Differential Myosin 5a splice variants in innervation of pelvic organsJosephine A. Carew0Josephine A. Carew1Josephine A. Carew2Vivian Cristofaro3Vivian Cristofaro4Vivian Cristofaro5Raj K. Goyal6Raj K. Goyal7Maryrose P. Sullivan8Maryrose P. Sullivan9Maryrose P. Sullivan10Urology Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United StatesHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United StatesUrology Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United StatesHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesDepartment of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United StatesUrology Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United StatesHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesUrology Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United StatesHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesDepartment of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United StatesIntroduction: Myosin proteins interact with filamentous actin and translate the chemical energy generated by ATP hydrolysis into a wide variety of mechanical functions in all cell types. The classic function of conventional myosins is mediation of muscle contraction, but myosins also participate in processes as diverse as exocytosis/endocytosis, membrane remodeling, and cytokinesis. Myosin 5a (Myo5a) is an unconventional motor protein well-suited to the processive transport of diverse molecular cargo within cells and interactions with multiprotein membrane complexes that facilitate exocytosis. Myo5a includes a region consisting of six small alternative exons which can undergo differential splicing. Neurons and skin melanocytes express characteristic splice variants of Myo5a, which are specialized for transport processes unique to those cell types. But less is known about the expression of Myo5a splice variants in other tissues, their cargos and interactive partners, and their regulation.Methods: In visceral organs, neurotransmission-induced contraction or relaxation of smooth muscle is mediated by Myo5a. Axons within urogenital organs and distal colon of rodents arise from cell bodies located in the major pelvic ganglion (MPG). However, in contrast to urogenital organs, the distal colon also contains soma of the enteric nervous system. Therefore, the rodent pelvic organs provide an opportunity to compare the expression of Myo5a splice variants, not only in different tissues innervated by the pelvic nerves, but also in different subcellular compartments of those nerves. This study examines the expression and distribution of Myo5a splice variants in the MPG, compared to the bladder, corpus cavernosum of the penis (CCP) and distal colon using immunohistochemistry and mRNA analyses.Results/discussion: We report detection of characteristic Myo5a variants in these tissues, with bladder and CCP displaying a similar variant pattern but one which differed from that of distal colon. In all three organs, Myo5a variants were distinct compared to the MPG, implying segregation of one variant within nerve soma and its exclusion from axons. The expression of distinct Myo5a variant arrays is likely to be adaptive, and to underlie specific functions fulfilled by Myo5a in those particular locations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1304537/fullprotein splice variantsneurotransmissionmyosin motorperipheral nervepelvic organ |
| spellingShingle | Josephine A. Carew Josephine A. Carew Josephine A. Carew Vivian Cristofaro Vivian Cristofaro Vivian Cristofaro Raj K. Goyal Raj K. Goyal Maryrose P. Sullivan Maryrose P. Sullivan Maryrose P. Sullivan Differential Myosin 5a splice variants in innervation of pelvic organs Frontiers in Physiology protein splice variants neurotransmission myosin motor peripheral nerve pelvic organ |
| title | Differential Myosin 5a splice variants in innervation of pelvic organs |
| title_full | Differential Myosin 5a splice variants in innervation of pelvic organs |
| title_fullStr | Differential Myosin 5a splice variants in innervation of pelvic organs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential Myosin 5a splice variants in innervation of pelvic organs |
| title_short | Differential Myosin 5a splice variants in innervation of pelvic organs |
| title_sort | differential myosin 5a splice variants in innervation of pelvic organs |
| topic | protein splice variants neurotransmission myosin motor peripheral nerve pelvic organ |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1304537/full |
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