Modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation by mechanotransduction
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are responsible for the myelination of axons in the central nervous system. The differentiation of OLs encompasses several stages, through which cells undergo dramatic biochemical and morphological changes. Oligodendrocyte differentiation is modulated by soluble factors (SFs)...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2016.00277/full |
| _version_ | 1819147704448581632 |
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| author | Tânia Lourenço Tânia Lourenço Mário Grãos Mário Grãos |
| author_facet | Tânia Lourenço Tânia Lourenço Mário Grãos Mário Grãos |
| author_sort | Tânia Lourenço |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are responsible for the myelination of axons in the central nervous system. The differentiation of OLs encompasses several stages, through which cells undergo dramatic biochemical and morphological changes. Oligodendrocyte differentiation is modulated by soluble factors (SFs) — such as growth factors and hormones —, known to be essential for each maturation stage. Besides SFs, insoluble factors such as extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and other microenvironmental elements also play a pivotal role during OL differentiation. Recently, a growing number of studies were published concerning the effect of biophysical properties of the extracellular milieu on oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, showing the importance of ECM stiffness and topography, strain forces and spatial constraints. For instance, it was shown in vitro that OL differentiation and maturation is enhanced by substrates within the reported range of stiffness of the brain and that this effect is potentiated by the presence of merosin, whereas the myelination process is influenced by the diameter of axonal-like fibers. In this mini review, we will discuss the effect of mechanical cues during oligodendrocyte differentiation and the possible molecular mechanisms involved in such regulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T13:34:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-772c9f6727bf430995efe049053015fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5102 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T13:34:03Z |
| publishDate | 2016-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-772c9f6727bf430995efe049053015fb2022-12-21T18:24:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022016-11-011010.3389/fncel.2016.00277223601Modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation by mechanotransductionTânia Lourenço0Tânia Lourenço1Mário Grãos2Mário Grãos3Biocant — Technology Transfer AssociationCentre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of CoimbraBiocant — Technology Transfer AssociationCentre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of CoimbraOligodendrocytes (OLs) are responsible for the myelination of axons in the central nervous system. The differentiation of OLs encompasses several stages, through which cells undergo dramatic biochemical and morphological changes. Oligodendrocyte differentiation is modulated by soluble factors (SFs) — such as growth factors and hormones —, known to be essential for each maturation stage. Besides SFs, insoluble factors such as extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and other microenvironmental elements also play a pivotal role during OL differentiation. Recently, a growing number of studies were published concerning the effect of biophysical properties of the extracellular milieu on oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, showing the importance of ECM stiffness and topography, strain forces and spatial constraints. For instance, it was shown in vitro that OL differentiation and maturation is enhanced by substrates within the reported range of stiffness of the brain and that this effect is potentiated by the presence of merosin, whereas the myelination process is influenced by the diameter of axonal-like fibers. In this mini review, we will discuss the effect of mechanical cues during oligodendrocyte differentiation and the possible molecular mechanisms involved in such regulation.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2016.00277/fullExtracellular MatrixIntegrinsNeural Stem CellsdifferentiationoligodendrocyteMechanotransduction |
| spellingShingle | Tânia Lourenço Tânia Lourenço Mário Grãos Mário Grãos Modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation by mechanotransduction Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Extracellular Matrix Integrins Neural Stem Cells differentiation oligodendrocyte Mechanotransduction |
| title | Modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation by mechanotransduction |
| title_full | Modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation by mechanotransduction |
| title_fullStr | Modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation by mechanotransduction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation by mechanotransduction |
| title_short | Modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation by mechanotransduction |
| title_sort | modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation by mechanotransduction |
| topic | Extracellular Matrix Integrins Neural Stem Cells differentiation oligodendrocyte Mechanotransduction |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2016.00277/full |
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