Structural integrity and viability of Fredericella sultana statoblasts infected with Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) under diverse treatment conditions
Abstract Fredericella sultana is an invertebrate host of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease in salmonids. The bryozoan produces seed-like statoblasts to facilitate its persistence during unfavourable conditions. Statoblasts from infected bryozoans can...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-04-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Research |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13567-017-0427-4 |
| _version_ | 1811281772305973248 |
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| author | Ahmed Abd-Elfattah Mansour El-Matbouli Gokhlesh Kumar |
| author_facet | Ahmed Abd-Elfattah Mansour El-Matbouli Gokhlesh Kumar |
| author_sort | Ahmed Abd-Elfattah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Fredericella sultana is an invertebrate host of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease in salmonids. The bryozoan produces seed-like statoblasts to facilitate its persistence during unfavourable conditions. Statoblasts from infected bryozoans can harbor T. bryosalmonae and give rise to infected bryozoan colonies when conditions improve. We aimed in the present study to evaluate the integrity and viability of T. bryosalmonae-infected statoblasts after a range of harsh treatment conditions. We tested if statoblasts could survive ingestion by either brown trout or common carp. After ingestion, the fish faeces was collected at different time points. We also tested physical stressors: statoblasts collected from infected colonies were desiccated at room temperature, or frozen with and without Bryozoan Medium C (BMC). After treatments, statoblasts were assessed for physical integrity before being incubated on BMC to allow them to hatch. After 4 weeks, hatched and unhatched statoblasts were tested by PCR for the presence of the parasite. We found that statoblasts ingested by brown trout and those frozen in BMC were completely broken. In contrast, statoblasts ingested by common carp and those subjected to dry freezing were able to survive and hatch. T. bryosalmonae was detected by PCR in both hatched and unhatched infected statoblasts, but neither from broken nor uninfected statoblasts. Our results confirmed for the first time the ability of infected statoblasts to survive passage through a fish, and freezing. These findings suggest potential pathways for both persistence and spread of T. bryosalmonae-infected statoblasts in natural aquatic systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:40:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-773bea933a8f4181bed7813eb78e8aad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1297-9716 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:40:50Z |
| publishDate | 2017-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-773bea933a8f4181bed7813eb78e8aad2022-12-22T03:08:12ZengBMCVeterinary Research1297-97162017-04-014811810.1186/s13567-017-0427-4Structural integrity and viability of Fredericella sultana statoblasts infected with Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) under diverse treatment conditionsAhmed Abd-Elfattah0Mansour El-Matbouli1Gokhlesh Kumar2Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary MedicineClinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary MedicineClinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary MedicineAbstract Fredericella sultana is an invertebrate host of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease in salmonids. The bryozoan produces seed-like statoblasts to facilitate its persistence during unfavourable conditions. Statoblasts from infected bryozoans can harbor T. bryosalmonae and give rise to infected bryozoan colonies when conditions improve. We aimed in the present study to evaluate the integrity and viability of T. bryosalmonae-infected statoblasts after a range of harsh treatment conditions. We tested if statoblasts could survive ingestion by either brown trout or common carp. After ingestion, the fish faeces was collected at different time points. We also tested physical stressors: statoblasts collected from infected colonies were desiccated at room temperature, or frozen with and without Bryozoan Medium C (BMC). After treatments, statoblasts were assessed for physical integrity before being incubated on BMC to allow them to hatch. After 4 weeks, hatched and unhatched statoblasts were tested by PCR for the presence of the parasite. We found that statoblasts ingested by brown trout and those frozen in BMC were completely broken. In contrast, statoblasts ingested by common carp and those subjected to dry freezing were able to survive and hatch. T. bryosalmonae was detected by PCR in both hatched and unhatched infected statoblasts, but neither from broken nor uninfected statoblasts. Our results confirmed for the first time the ability of infected statoblasts to survive passage through a fish, and freezing. These findings suggest potential pathways for both persistence and spread of T. bryosalmonae-infected statoblasts in natural aquatic systems.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13567-017-0427-4Common CarpBrown TroutBryozoan SpeciesNatural Aquatic SystemBryozoan Coloni |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed Abd-Elfattah Mansour El-Matbouli Gokhlesh Kumar Structural integrity and viability of Fredericella sultana statoblasts infected with Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) under diverse treatment conditions Veterinary Research Common Carp Brown Trout Bryozoan Species Natural Aquatic System Bryozoan Coloni |
| title | Structural integrity and viability of Fredericella sultana statoblasts infected with Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) under diverse treatment conditions |
| title_full | Structural integrity and viability of Fredericella sultana statoblasts infected with Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) under diverse treatment conditions |
| title_fullStr | Structural integrity and viability of Fredericella sultana statoblasts infected with Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) under diverse treatment conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural integrity and viability of Fredericella sultana statoblasts infected with Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) under diverse treatment conditions |
| title_short | Structural integrity and viability of Fredericella sultana statoblasts infected with Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) under diverse treatment conditions |
| title_sort | structural integrity and viability of fredericella sultana statoblasts infected with tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae myxozoa under diverse treatment conditions |
| topic | Common Carp Brown Trout Bryozoan Species Natural Aquatic System Bryozoan Coloni |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13567-017-0427-4 |
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