Impact of Menopause and the Menstrual Cycle on Oxidative Stress in Japanese Women
Although estrogen possesses both pro- and anti-oxidant properties, its overall role in oxidative stress among women remains unclear, particularly since the influence of exogenously administered estrogen during previous studies differed by dose, administration route, and estrogen type. The aim of thi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/829 |
| _version_ | 1797624147988185088 |
|---|---|
| author | Ayaka Ishikawa Hiroshi Matsushita Saki Shimizu Noriko Morita Rina Hanai Saeko Sugiyama Kazushi Watanabe Akihiko Wakatsuki |
| author_facet | Ayaka Ishikawa Hiroshi Matsushita Saki Shimizu Noriko Morita Rina Hanai Saeko Sugiyama Kazushi Watanabe Akihiko Wakatsuki |
| author_sort | Ayaka Ishikawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although estrogen possesses both pro- and anti-oxidant properties, its overall role in oxidative stress among women remains unclear, particularly since the influence of exogenously administered estrogen during previous studies differed by dose, administration route, and estrogen type. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of endogenous estrogen on oxidative stress in women. Thus, we performed a non-interventional observational study of healthy postmenopausal (<i>n</i> = 71) and premenopausal (<i>n</i> = 72) female volunteers. Serum levels of derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs, which are collectively a marker of oxidative stress), as well as the biological antioxidant potential (BAP, an indicator of antioxidant capacity), were compared between (1) pre- versus post-menopausal women, and (2) premenopausal women in early follicular versus mid-luteal phases of their menstrual cycles. We found that serum d-ROMs and BAP values in postmenopausal women were significantly higher than those in premenopausal women. Moreover, the d-ROM levels were significantly correlated with serum copper concentrations. However, neither d-ROMs nor BAP values were significantly affected by the menstrual cycle phase, although changes in d-ROMs between the follicular and luteal phases were significantly correlated with copper concentration shifts. These data indicate that postmenopausal hypoestrogenism is associated with elevated oxidative stress, although regular fluctuations of estrogen levels during the menstrual cycle do not influence oxidative stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:38:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7749f9e8dfbb49a88a66b2422337ceff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:38:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-7749f9e8dfbb49a88a66b2422337ceff2023-11-16T17:07:47ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-01-0112382910.3390/jcm12030829Impact of Menopause and the Menstrual Cycle on Oxidative Stress in Japanese WomenAyaka Ishikawa0Hiroshi Matsushita1Saki Shimizu2Noriko Morita3Rina Hanai4Saeko Sugiyama5Kazushi Watanabe6Akihiko Wakatsuki7Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Aichi, JapanAlthough estrogen possesses both pro- and anti-oxidant properties, its overall role in oxidative stress among women remains unclear, particularly since the influence of exogenously administered estrogen during previous studies differed by dose, administration route, and estrogen type. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of endogenous estrogen on oxidative stress in women. Thus, we performed a non-interventional observational study of healthy postmenopausal (<i>n</i> = 71) and premenopausal (<i>n</i> = 72) female volunteers. Serum levels of derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs, which are collectively a marker of oxidative stress), as well as the biological antioxidant potential (BAP, an indicator of antioxidant capacity), were compared between (1) pre- versus post-menopausal women, and (2) premenopausal women in early follicular versus mid-luteal phases of their menstrual cycles. We found that serum d-ROMs and BAP values in postmenopausal women were significantly higher than those in premenopausal women. Moreover, the d-ROM levels were significantly correlated with serum copper concentrations. However, neither d-ROMs nor BAP values were significantly affected by the menstrual cycle phase, although changes in d-ROMs between the follicular and luteal phases were significantly correlated with copper concentration shifts. These data indicate that postmenopausal hypoestrogenism is associated with elevated oxidative stress, although regular fluctuations of estrogen levels during the menstrual cycle do not influence oxidative stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/829copperestrogenmenopausemenstruationoxidative stressprogesterone |
| spellingShingle | Ayaka Ishikawa Hiroshi Matsushita Saki Shimizu Noriko Morita Rina Hanai Saeko Sugiyama Kazushi Watanabe Akihiko Wakatsuki Impact of Menopause and the Menstrual Cycle on Oxidative Stress in Japanese Women Journal of Clinical Medicine copper estrogen menopause menstruation oxidative stress progesterone |
| title | Impact of Menopause and the Menstrual Cycle on Oxidative Stress in Japanese Women |
| title_full | Impact of Menopause and the Menstrual Cycle on Oxidative Stress in Japanese Women |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Menopause and the Menstrual Cycle on Oxidative Stress in Japanese Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Menopause and the Menstrual Cycle on Oxidative Stress in Japanese Women |
| title_short | Impact of Menopause and the Menstrual Cycle on Oxidative Stress in Japanese Women |
| title_sort | impact of menopause and the menstrual cycle on oxidative stress in japanese women |
| topic | copper estrogen menopause menstruation oxidative stress progesterone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/829 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ayakaishikawa impactofmenopauseandthemenstrualcycleonoxidativestressinjapanesewomen AT hiroshimatsushita impactofmenopauseandthemenstrualcycleonoxidativestressinjapanesewomen AT sakishimizu impactofmenopauseandthemenstrualcycleonoxidativestressinjapanesewomen AT norikomorita impactofmenopauseandthemenstrualcycleonoxidativestressinjapanesewomen AT rinahanai impactofmenopauseandthemenstrualcycleonoxidativestressinjapanesewomen AT saekosugiyama impactofmenopauseandthemenstrualcycleonoxidativestressinjapanesewomen AT kazushiwatanabe impactofmenopauseandthemenstrualcycleonoxidativestressinjapanesewomen AT akihikowakatsuki impactofmenopauseandthemenstrualcycleonoxidativestressinjapanesewomen |