Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in Jamaica: a cross-sectional study of national surveillance data
Objectives. To describe the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 cases in Jamaica and to explore the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 from 9 March to 31 December 2020. Methods. A cross-sectional analysis of national surveillance data was conducted using confirmed COVID-19 cases in Ja...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Pan American Health Organization
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/59400 |
| _version_ | 1827293217520877568 |
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| author | Karen Webster-Kerr Andriene Grant Ardene Harris Romae Thorpe Daidre Rowe Deborah Henningham Tanielle Mullings Iyanna Wellington Jovan Wiggan Kelly Ann Gordon-Johnson Carol Lord Tonia Dawkins-Beharie Jemma Azille-Lewis Jacqueline Duncan |
| author_facet | Karen Webster-Kerr Andriene Grant Ardene Harris Romae Thorpe Daidre Rowe Deborah Henningham Tanielle Mullings Iyanna Wellington Jovan Wiggan Kelly Ann Gordon-Johnson Carol Lord Tonia Dawkins-Beharie Jemma Azille-Lewis Jacqueline Duncan |
| author_sort | Karen Webster-Kerr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives. To describe the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 cases in Jamaica and to explore the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 from 9 March to 31 December 2020.
Methods. A cross-sectional analysis of national surveillance data was conducted using confirmed COVID-19 cases in Jamaica. Definitions of a confirmed case, disease severity, and death were based on World Health Organization guidelines. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to determine association with outcomes. Logistic regression models were used to determine predictors of severe COVID-19.
Results. This analysis included 12 169 cases of COVID-19 (median age, 36 years; 6 744 females [ 55.4%]) of which 512 cases (4.2%) presented with severe disease, and of those, 318 patients (62.1%) died (median age at death, 71.5 years). Severe disease was associated with being male (OR 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7) and 40 years or older (OR, 6.5; 95% CI, 5.1-8.2). COVID-19 death was also associated with being male (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7), age 40 years or older (OR, 17.9; 95% CI, 11.6-27.7), and in the Western versus South East Health Region (OR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.3).
Conclusions. The findings of this cross-sectional analysis indicate that confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Jamaica were more likely to be female and younger individuals, whereas COVID-19 deaths occurred more frequently in males and older individuals. There is increased risk of poor COVID-19 outcomes beginning at age 40, with males disproportionately affected. COVID-19 death also varied by geographic region. This evidence could be useful to other countries with similar settings and to policymakers charged with managing outbreaks and health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T13:21:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-774a98aed04e4e26bdd21bedbea6eaad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1020-4989 1680-5348 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T13:21:32Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Pan American Health Organization |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública |
| spelling | doaj.art-774a98aed04e4e26bdd21bedbea6eaad2024-04-04T13:11:45ZengPan American Health OrganizationRevista Panamericana de Salud Pública1020-49891680-53482024-04-0148361810.26633/RPSP.2024.36rpspRisk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in Jamaica: a cross-sectional study of national surveillance dataKaren Webster-Kerr0Andriene Grant1Ardene Harris2Romae Thorpe3Daidre Rowe4Deborah Henningham5Tanielle Mullings6Iyanna Wellington7Jovan Wiggan8Kelly Ann Gordon-Johnson9Carol Lord10Tonia Dawkins-Beharie11Jemma Azille-Lewis12Jacqueline Duncan13Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Ministry of Health and Wellness, Kingston, Jamaica.Southern Regional Health Authority, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Mandeville, Jamaica.Youth at Risk, Gender Affairs, Seniors Security, and Dominicans with Disabilities, Ministry of Youth Development and Empowerment, Roseau, Commonwealth of Dominica.Department of Community Health and Psychiatry, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica.Objectives. To describe the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 cases in Jamaica and to explore the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 from 9 March to 31 December 2020. Methods. A cross-sectional analysis of national surveillance data was conducted using confirmed COVID-19 cases in Jamaica. Definitions of a confirmed case, disease severity, and death were based on World Health Organization guidelines. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to determine association with outcomes. Logistic regression models were used to determine predictors of severe COVID-19. Results. This analysis included 12 169 cases of COVID-19 (median age, 36 years; 6 744 females [ 55.4%]) of which 512 cases (4.2%) presented with severe disease, and of those, 318 patients (62.1%) died (median age at death, 71.5 years). Severe disease was associated with being male (OR 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7) and 40 years or older (OR, 6.5; 95% CI, 5.1-8.2). COVID-19 death was also associated with being male (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7), age 40 years or older (OR, 17.9; 95% CI, 11.6-27.7), and in the Western versus South East Health Region (OR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.3). Conclusions. The findings of this cross-sectional analysis indicate that confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Jamaica were more likely to be female and younger individuals, whereas COVID-19 deaths occurred more frequently in males and older individuals. There is increased risk of poor COVID-19 outcomes beginning at age 40, with males disproportionately affected. COVID-19 death also varied by geographic region. This evidence could be useful to other countries with similar settings and to policymakers charged with managing outbreaks and health.https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/59400covid-19sars-cov-2communicable diseases, emergingepidemiological monitoringdiagnosis of health situationcaribbean region |
| spellingShingle | Karen Webster-Kerr Andriene Grant Ardene Harris Romae Thorpe Daidre Rowe Deborah Henningham Tanielle Mullings Iyanna Wellington Jovan Wiggan Kelly Ann Gordon-Johnson Carol Lord Tonia Dawkins-Beharie Jemma Azille-Lewis Jacqueline Duncan Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in Jamaica: a cross-sectional study of national surveillance data Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública covid-19 sars-cov-2 communicable diseases, emerging epidemiological monitoring diagnosis of health situation caribbean region |
| title | Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in Jamaica: a cross-sectional study of national surveillance data |
| title_full | Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in Jamaica: a cross-sectional study of national surveillance data |
| title_fullStr | Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in Jamaica: a cross-sectional study of national surveillance data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in Jamaica: a cross-sectional study of national surveillance data |
| title_short | Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in Jamaica: a cross-sectional study of national surveillance data |
| title_sort | risk factors associated with severe covid 19 outcomes in jamaica a cross sectional study of national surveillance data |
| topic | covid-19 sars-cov-2 communicable diseases, emerging epidemiological monitoring diagnosis of health situation caribbean region |
| url | https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/59400 |
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