Evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrology
Climate change (CC) is the menace of the hour impacting every facet of human existence. Regional CC and its impact studies are crucial in that they contribute to global change. The current study aims to investigate the prevalence of CC in Charsadda, Pakistan and its impact on vegetation and hydrolog...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1328808/full |
| _version_ | 1797322361207259136 |
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| author | Ishaq Ali Shah Ishaq Ali Shah Haroon Khan Zahir Muhammad Rehman Ullah Shahid Iqbal Hiba-Allah Nafidi Mohammed Bourhia Mohammed Bourhia Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah |
| author_facet | Ishaq Ali Shah Ishaq Ali Shah Haroon Khan Zahir Muhammad Rehman Ullah Shahid Iqbal Hiba-Allah Nafidi Mohammed Bourhia Mohammed Bourhia Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah |
| author_sort | Ishaq Ali Shah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate change (CC) is the menace of the hour impacting every facet of human existence. Regional CC and its impact studies are crucial in that they contribute to global change. The current study aims to investigate the prevalence of CC in Charsadda, Pakistan and its impact on vegetation and hydrology of the region to understand microclimate variability contribution to global CC. Utilizing local climate data for 20 years (2001–2020), Modified Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Slope statistics were employed to determine monthly and seasonal trends in climate variables. Significant changing climate variables were regressed on Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite dataset viz. normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Due to the prominent climate factor impacting vegetation, NDVI was further correlated to MODIS land surface temperature (LST). Floods being the conspicuous climate calamity were mapped for 2005 and 2010 using satellites Landsat 5 and 7 dataset viz. normalized difference water index (NDWI) with flood risk assessment by watershed delineation. The findings revealed significant (p < 0.05) variability in climate variables (average monthly and summer maximum temperature, and average monthly and summer precipitation) that are driving CC and impacting vegetation and hydrology in the region. Temperature and solar radiation affect NDVI adversely while precipitation and relative humidity has positive impact on vegetation. NDVI varied greatly spatiotemporally, often increasing but worsening in some areas (Shabqadar, Abazai, Palai and Charsadda city with NDVI = 0.1–0.3) of the study region as a result of extreme weather events. Temporally, NDVI improved with an overall positive trend with a stage (2007–2016) of noticeable zigzag fluctuation. Spatial grids with higher LST (>40°C) were either devoid of or with sparse NDVI (<0.3) presenting global warming as peril to vegetation. NDWI maps (2005, 2010 floods) indicate that after floods wreaked havoc on the region altering the vegetation pattern revealing heavy irregular precipitation as the next to temperature in jeopardizing vegetation of the region. Lower elevation regions along the Swat and Kabul Rivers with a greater risk of flooding were identified by watershed delineation. The study suggests that local governments and stakeholders implement CC mitigation strategies and plans for vegetation restoration, flood alerts with post-flood management for regional sustainable development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T05:13:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-775dca1aba704cb4991beeeadd70df40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T05:13:13Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-775dca1aba704cb4991beeeadd70df402024-02-07T05:28:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2024-02-011210.3389/fenvs.2024.13288081328808Evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrologyIshaq Ali Shah0Ishaq Ali Shah1Haroon Khan2Zahir Muhammad3Rehman Ullah4Shahid Iqbal5Hiba-Allah Nafidi6Mohammed Bourhia7Mohammed Bourhia8Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah9Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, PakistanHigher Education, Archives and Libraries Department, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, PakistanDepartment of Weed Science and Botany, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, PakistanCentre for Disaster Preparedness and Management, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, PakistanDepartment of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune, MoroccoLaboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry, Environment, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, Casablanca, MoroccoDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaClimate change (CC) is the menace of the hour impacting every facet of human existence. Regional CC and its impact studies are crucial in that they contribute to global change. The current study aims to investigate the prevalence of CC in Charsadda, Pakistan and its impact on vegetation and hydrology of the region to understand microclimate variability contribution to global CC. Utilizing local climate data for 20 years (2001–2020), Modified Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Slope statistics were employed to determine monthly and seasonal trends in climate variables. Significant changing climate variables were regressed on Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite dataset viz. normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Due to the prominent climate factor impacting vegetation, NDVI was further correlated to MODIS land surface temperature (LST). Floods being the conspicuous climate calamity were mapped for 2005 and 2010 using satellites Landsat 5 and 7 dataset viz. normalized difference water index (NDWI) with flood risk assessment by watershed delineation. The findings revealed significant (p < 0.05) variability in climate variables (average monthly and summer maximum temperature, and average monthly and summer precipitation) that are driving CC and impacting vegetation and hydrology in the region. Temperature and solar radiation affect NDVI adversely while precipitation and relative humidity has positive impact on vegetation. NDVI varied greatly spatiotemporally, often increasing but worsening in some areas (Shabqadar, Abazai, Palai and Charsadda city with NDVI = 0.1–0.3) of the study region as a result of extreme weather events. Temporally, NDVI improved with an overall positive trend with a stage (2007–2016) of noticeable zigzag fluctuation. Spatial grids with higher LST (>40°C) were either devoid of or with sparse NDVI (<0.3) presenting global warming as peril to vegetation. NDWI maps (2005, 2010 floods) indicate that after floods wreaked havoc on the region altering the vegetation pattern revealing heavy irregular precipitation as the next to temperature in jeopardizing vegetation of the region. Lower elevation regions along the Swat and Kabul Rivers with a greater risk of flooding were identified by watershed delineation. The study suggests that local governments and stakeholders implement CC mitigation strategies and plans for vegetation restoration, flood alerts with post-flood management for regional sustainable development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1328808/fullclimate changeLSTvegetationNDVIhydrologyNDWI |
| spellingShingle | Ishaq Ali Shah Ishaq Ali Shah Haroon Khan Zahir Muhammad Rehman Ullah Shahid Iqbal Hiba-Allah Nafidi Mohammed Bourhia Mohammed Bourhia Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah Evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrology Frontiers in Environmental Science climate change LST vegetation NDVI hydrology NDWI |
| title | Evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrology |
| title_full | Evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrology |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrology |
| title_short | Evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrology |
| title_sort | evaluation of climate change impact on plants and hydrology |
| topic | climate change LST vegetation NDVI hydrology NDWI |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1328808/full |
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