Act Locally, Act Globally—Microbiota, Barriers, and Cytokines in Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by the formation and progressive growth of atherosclerotic plaques in the wall of arteries. Atherosclerosis is a major predisposing factor for stroke and heart attack. Various immune-mediated mechanisms are implicat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/2/348 |
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| author | Natalia Kurilenko Aliia R. Fatkhullina Aleksandra Mazitova Ekaterina K. Koltsova |
| author_facet | Natalia Kurilenko Aliia R. Fatkhullina Aleksandra Mazitova Ekaterina K. Koltsova |
| author_sort | Natalia Kurilenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by the formation and progressive growth of atherosclerotic plaques in the wall of arteries. Atherosclerosis is a major predisposing factor for stroke and heart attack. Various immune-mediated mechanisms are implicated in the disease initiation and progression. Cytokines are key mediators of the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune cells as well as non-hematopoietic cells in the aortic wall and are emerging players in the regulation of atherosclerosis. Progression of atherosclerosis is always associated with increased local and systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The role of cytokines within atherosclerotic plaque has been extensively investigated; however, the cell-specific role of cytokine signaling, particularly the role of cytokines in the regulation of barrier tissues tightly associated with microbiota in the context of cardiovascular diseases has only recently come to light. Here, we summarize the knowledge about the function of cytokines at mucosal barriers and the interplay between cytokines, barriers, and microbiota and discuss their known and potential implications for atherosclerosis development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:14:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-775e42f8efbd4ec793aed3e1301a3bd2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:14:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-775e42f8efbd4ec793aed3e1301a3bd22023-12-03T12:46:51ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-02-0110234810.3390/cells10020348Act Locally, Act Globally—Microbiota, Barriers, and Cytokines in AtherosclerosisNatalia Kurilenko0Aliia R. Fatkhullina1Aleksandra Mazitova2Ekaterina K. Koltsova3Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USADepartment of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USADepartment of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USADepartment of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USAAtherosclerosis is a lipid-driven chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by the formation and progressive growth of atherosclerotic plaques in the wall of arteries. Atherosclerosis is a major predisposing factor for stroke and heart attack. Various immune-mediated mechanisms are implicated in the disease initiation and progression. Cytokines are key mediators of the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune cells as well as non-hematopoietic cells in the aortic wall and are emerging players in the regulation of atherosclerosis. Progression of atherosclerosis is always associated with increased local and systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The role of cytokines within atherosclerotic plaque has been extensively investigated; however, the cell-specific role of cytokine signaling, particularly the role of cytokines in the regulation of barrier tissues tightly associated with microbiota in the context of cardiovascular diseases has only recently come to light. Here, we summarize the knowledge about the function of cytokines at mucosal barriers and the interplay between cytokines, barriers, and microbiota and discuss their known and potential implications for atherosclerosis development.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/2/348cytokinesatherosclerosismicrobiotabarrier tissueinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Natalia Kurilenko Aliia R. Fatkhullina Aleksandra Mazitova Ekaterina K. Koltsova Act Locally, Act Globally—Microbiota, Barriers, and Cytokines in Atherosclerosis Cells cytokines atherosclerosis microbiota barrier tissue inflammation |
| title | Act Locally, Act Globally—Microbiota, Barriers, and Cytokines in Atherosclerosis |
| title_full | Act Locally, Act Globally—Microbiota, Barriers, and Cytokines in Atherosclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Act Locally, Act Globally—Microbiota, Barriers, and Cytokines in Atherosclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Act Locally, Act Globally—Microbiota, Barriers, and Cytokines in Atherosclerosis |
| title_short | Act Locally, Act Globally—Microbiota, Barriers, and Cytokines in Atherosclerosis |
| title_sort | act locally act globally microbiota barriers and cytokines in atherosclerosis |
| topic | cytokines atherosclerosis microbiota barrier tissue inflammation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/2/348 |
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