Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus Location
The memory-guided saccade task requires the remembrance of a peripheral target location, whilst inhibiting the urge to make a saccade ahead of an auditory cue. The literature has explored the endophenotypic deficits associated with differences in target laterality, but less is known about target amp...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/8/1071 |
| _version_ | 1797524514356068352 |
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| author | Eleanor S. Smith Trevor J. Crawford |
| author_facet | Eleanor S. Smith Trevor J. Crawford |
| author_sort | Eleanor S. Smith |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The memory-guided saccade task requires the remembrance of a peripheral target location, whilst inhibiting the urge to make a saccade ahead of an auditory cue. The literature has explored the endophenotypic deficits associated with differences in target laterality, but less is known about target amplitude. The data presented came from Crawford et al. (1995), employing a memory-guided saccade task among neuroleptically medicated and non-medicated patients with schizophrenia (<i>n</i> = 31, <i>n</i> = 12), neuroleptically medicated and non-medicated bipolar affective disorder (<i>n</i> = 12, <i>n</i> = 17), and neurotypical controls (<i>n</i> = 30). The current analyses explore the relationships between memory-guided saccades toward targets with different eccentricities (7.5° and 15°), the discernible behaviour exhibited amongst diagnostic groups, and cohorts distinguished based on psychotic symptomatology. Saccade gain control and final eye position were reduced among medicated-schizophrenia patients. These metrics were reduced further among targets with greater amplitudes (15°), indicating greater deficit. The medicated cohort exhibited reduced gain control and final eye positions in both amplitudes compared to the non-medicated cohort, with deficits markedly observed for the furthest targets. No group differences in symptomatology (positive and negative) were reported, however, a greater deficit was observed toward the larger amplitude. This suggests that within the memory-guided saccade paradigm, diagnostic classification is more prominent in characterising disparities in saccade performance than symptomatology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:58:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7764142073544cf78d653b9fa442c112 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:58:30Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7764142073544cf78d653b9fa442c1122023-11-22T06:59:43ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252021-08-01118107110.3390/brainsci11081071Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus LocationEleanor S. Smith0Trevor J. Crawford1Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UKDepartment of Psychology, Centre for Ageing Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YF, UKThe memory-guided saccade task requires the remembrance of a peripheral target location, whilst inhibiting the urge to make a saccade ahead of an auditory cue. The literature has explored the endophenotypic deficits associated with differences in target laterality, but less is known about target amplitude. The data presented came from Crawford et al. (1995), employing a memory-guided saccade task among neuroleptically medicated and non-medicated patients with schizophrenia (<i>n</i> = 31, <i>n</i> = 12), neuroleptically medicated and non-medicated bipolar affective disorder (<i>n</i> = 12, <i>n</i> = 17), and neurotypical controls (<i>n</i> = 30). The current analyses explore the relationships between memory-guided saccades toward targets with different eccentricities (7.5° and 15°), the discernible behaviour exhibited amongst diagnostic groups, and cohorts distinguished based on psychotic symptomatology. Saccade gain control and final eye position were reduced among medicated-schizophrenia patients. These metrics were reduced further among targets with greater amplitudes (15°), indicating greater deficit. The medicated cohort exhibited reduced gain control and final eye positions in both amplitudes compared to the non-medicated cohort, with deficits markedly observed for the furthest targets. No group differences in symptomatology (positive and negative) were reported, however, a greater deficit was observed toward the larger amplitude. This suggests that within the memory-guided saccade paradigm, diagnostic classification is more prominent in characterising disparities in saccade performance than symptomatology.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/8/1071memory-guided saccadesschizophreniabipolar disorderpositive symptomsnegative symptoms |
| spellingShingle | Eleanor S. Smith Trevor J. Crawford Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus Location Brain Sciences memory-guided saccades schizophrenia bipolar disorder positive symptoms negative symptoms |
| title | Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus Location |
| title_full | Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus Location |
| title_fullStr | Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus Location |
| title_full_unstemmed | Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus Location |
| title_short | Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus Location |
| title_sort | memory guided saccades in psychosis effects of medication and stimulus location |
| topic | memory-guided saccades schizophrenia bipolar disorder positive symptoms negative symptoms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/8/1071 |
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