Incremental Numerical Approach for Modeling the Macroscopic Viscoelastic Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Representative Volume Element
The objective of this study is to describe the stress relaxation behavior of an epoxy-based fiber-reinforced material. An existing incremental formulation of an orthotropic linear viscoelastic material behavior was adapted to Voigt notation and to the special case of an isotropic material. Virtual r...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/19/6724 |
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| author | Nicolas Gort Igor Zhilyaev Christian Brauner |
| author_facet | Nicolas Gort Igor Zhilyaev Christian Brauner |
| author_sort | Nicolas Gort |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study is to describe the stress relaxation behavior of an epoxy-based fiber-reinforced material. An existing incremental formulation of an orthotropic linear viscoelastic material behavior was adapted to Voigt notation and to the special case of an isotropic material. Virtual relaxation tests on a representative volume element were performed, and the behavior of individual components of the relaxation tensor of the transversely isotropic composite material was determined. The study demonstrated that in the case of only one viscoelastic material, each component of the relaxation tensor can be described in terms of a scalar form factor and the behavior of the neat resin. The developed method was implemented in an incremental finite element model (FEM) analysis to calculate the stress relaxation on the macroscopic ply level. A validation of the approach has shown a promising agreement up to a limit below the glass transition temperature of 15 °C in longitudinal and 35 °C in transverse direction. This study therefore demonstrates a novel way to incrementally describe the macroscopic viscoelastic behavior of materials with a single viscoelastic component with good controllability for engineering purposes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:31:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77716e8a38794b8593a41b9ce0363a3a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:31:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-77716e8a38794b8593a41b9ce0363a3a2023-11-23T20:55:42ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-09-011519672410.3390/ma15196724Incremental Numerical Approach for Modeling the Macroscopic Viscoelastic Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Representative Volume ElementNicolas Gort0Igor Zhilyaev1Christian Brauner2Institute of Polymer Engineering, FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Klosterzelgstrasse 2, 5210 Windisch, SwitzerlandInstitute of Polymer Engineering, FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Klosterzelgstrasse 2, 5210 Windisch, SwitzerlandInstitute of Polymer Engineering, FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Klosterzelgstrasse 2, 5210 Windisch, SwitzerlandThe objective of this study is to describe the stress relaxation behavior of an epoxy-based fiber-reinforced material. An existing incremental formulation of an orthotropic linear viscoelastic material behavior was adapted to Voigt notation and to the special case of an isotropic material. Virtual relaxation tests on a representative volume element were performed, and the behavior of individual components of the relaxation tensor of the transversely isotropic composite material was determined. The study demonstrated that in the case of only one viscoelastic material, each component of the relaxation tensor can be described in terms of a scalar form factor and the behavior of the neat resin. The developed method was implemented in an incremental finite element model (FEM) analysis to calculate the stress relaxation on the macroscopic ply level. A validation of the approach has shown a promising agreement up to a limit below the glass transition temperature of 15 °C in longitudinal and 35 °C in transverse direction. This study therefore demonstrates a novel way to incrementally describe the macroscopic viscoelastic behavior of materials with a single viscoelastic component with good controllability for engineering purposes.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/19/6724composite process simulationrelaxationhomogenizationthermosetresidual stress |
| spellingShingle | Nicolas Gort Igor Zhilyaev Christian Brauner Incremental Numerical Approach for Modeling the Macroscopic Viscoelastic Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Representative Volume Element Materials composite process simulation relaxation homogenization thermoset residual stress |
| title | Incremental Numerical Approach for Modeling the Macroscopic Viscoelastic Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Representative Volume Element |
| title_full | Incremental Numerical Approach for Modeling the Macroscopic Viscoelastic Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Representative Volume Element |
| title_fullStr | Incremental Numerical Approach for Modeling the Macroscopic Viscoelastic Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Representative Volume Element |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incremental Numerical Approach for Modeling the Macroscopic Viscoelastic Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Representative Volume Element |
| title_short | Incremental Numerical Approach for Modeling the Macroscopic Viscoelastic Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Representative Volume Element |
| title_sort | incremental numerical approach for modeling the macroscopic viscoelastic behavior of fiber reinforced composites using a representative volume element |
| topic | composite process simulation relaxation homogenization thermoset residual stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/19/6724 |
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