Effects of Phlorotannins on Organisms: Focus on the Safety, Toxicity, and Availability of Phlorotannins
Phlorotannins are polyphenolic compounds produced via polymerization of phloroglucinol, and these compounds have varying molecular weights (up to 650 kDa). Brown seaweeds are rich in phlorotannins compounds possessing various biological activities, including algicidal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/2/452 |
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| author | Bertoka Fajar Surya Perwira Negara Jae Hak Sohn Jin-Soo Kim Jae-Suk Choi |
| author_facet | Bertoka Fajar Surya Perwira Negara Jae Hak Sohn Jin-Soo Kim Jae-Suk Choi |
| author_sort | Bertoka Fajar Surya Perwira Negara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phlorotannins are polyphenolic compounds produced via polymerization of phloroglucinol, and these compounds have varying molecular weights (up to 650 kDa). Brown seaweeds are rich in phlorotannins compounds possessing various biological activities, including algicidal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. Many review papers on the chemical characterization and quantification of phlorotannins and their functionality have been published to date. However, although studies on the safety and toxicity of these phlorotannins have been conducted, there have been no articles reviewing this topic. In this review, the safety and toxicity of phlorotannins in different organisms are discussed. Online databases (Science Direct, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) were searched, yielding 106 results. Following removal of duplicates and application of the exclusion criteria, 34 articles were reviewed. Phlorotannins from brown seaweeds showed low toxicity in cell lines, invertebrates, microalgae, seaweeds, plants, animals (fish, mice, rats, and dogs), and humans. However, the safety and toxicity of phlorotannins in aquaculture fish, livestock, and companion animals are limited. Further studies in these organisms are necessary to carry out a systematic analysis of the safety and toxicity of phlorotannins and to further identify the potential of phlorotannins as functional foods, feeds, and pharmaceuticals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:44:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7773fdde7e644b9c84729b3c0ca43948 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:44:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-7773fdde7e644b9c84729b3c0ca439482023-12-11T17:36:16ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-02-0110245210.3390/foods10020452Effects of Phlorotannins on Organisms: Focus on the Safety, Toxicity, and Availability of PhlorotanninsBertoka Fajar Surya Perwira Negara0Jae Hak Sohn1Jin-Soo Kim2Jae-Suk Choi3Seafood Research Center, IACF, Silla University, 606, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Wonyang-ro, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49277, KoreaSeafood Research Center, IACF, Silla University, 606, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Wonyang-ro, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49277, KoreaDepartment of Seafood and Aquaculture Science, Gyeongsang National University, 38 Cheondaegukchi-gil, Tongyeong-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 53064, KoreaSeafood Research Center, IACF, Silla University, 606, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Wonyang-ro, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49277, KoreaPhlorotannins are polyphenolic compounds produced via polymerization of phloroglucinol, and these compounds have varying molecular weights (up to 650 kDa). Brown seaweeds are rich in phlorotannins compounds possessing various biological activities, including algicidal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. Many review papers on the chemical characterization and quantification of phlorotannins and their functionality have been published to date. However, although studies on the safety and toxicity of these phlorotannins have been conducted, there have been no articles reviewing this topic. In this review, the safety and toxicity of phlorotannins in different organisms are discussed. Online databases (Science Direct, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) were searched, yielding 106 results. Following removal of duplicates and application of the exclusion criteria, 34 articles were reviewed. Phlorotannins from brown seaweeds showed low toxicity in cell lines, invertebrates, microalgae, seaweeds, plants, animals (fish, mice, rats, and dogs), and humans. However, the safety and toxicity of phlorotannins in aquaculture fish, livestock, and companion animals are limited. Further studies in these organisms are necessary to carry out a systematic analysis of the safety and toxicity of phlorotannins and to further identify the potential of phlorotannins as functional foods, feeds, and pharmaceuticals.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/2/452phlorotanninstoxicityplantinvertebratesanimalhuman |
| spellingShingle | Bertoka Fajar Surya Perwira Negara Jae Hak Sohn Jin-Soo Kim Jae-Suk Choi Effects of Phlorotannins on Organisms: Focus on the Safety, Toxicity, and Availability of Phlorotannins Foods phlorotannins toxicity plant invertebrates animal human |
| title | Effects of Phlorotannins on Organisms: Focus on the Safety, Toxicity, and Availability of Phlorotannins |
| title_full | Effects of Phlorotannins on Organisms: Focus on the Safety, Toxicity, and Availability of Phlorotannins |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Phlorotannins on Organisms: Focus on the Safety, Toxicity, and Availability of Phlorotannins |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Phlorotannins on Organisms: Focus on the Safety, Toxicity, and Availability of Phlorotannins |
| title_short | Effects of Phlorotannins on Organisms: Focus on the Safety, Toxicity, and Availability of Phlorotannins |
| title_sort | effects of phlorotannins on organisms focus on the safety toxicity and availability of phlorotannins |
| topic | phlorotannins toxicity plant invertebrates animal human |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/2/452 |
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