Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil
Hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) have numerous industrial applications but are absent in most vegetable oils. <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i> accumulating 85% HFA in its seed oil makes it a valuable resource for engineering oilseed crops for HFA production. To discover lipid genes involved in HFA...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/514 |
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| author | Grace Q. Chen Won Nyeong Kim Kumiko Johnson Mid-Eum Park Kyeong-Ryeol Lee Hyun Uk Kim |
| author_facet | Grace Q. Chen Won Nyeong Kim Kumiko Johnson Mid-Eum Park Kyeong-Ryeol Lee Hyun Uk Kim |
| author_sort | Grace Q. Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) have numerous industrial applications but are absent in most vegetable oils. <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i> accumulating 85% HFA in its seed oil makes it a valuable resource for engineering oilseed crops for HFA production. To discover lipid genes involved in HFA synthesis in <i>P. lindheimeri</i>, transcripts from developing seeds at various stages, as well as leaf and flower buds, were sequenced. Ninety-seven percent clean reads from 552,614,582 raw reads were assembled to 129,633 contigs (or transcripts) which represented 85,948 unique genes. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that 60% of the contigs matched proteins involved in biological process, cellular component or molecular function, while the remaining matched unknown proteins. We identified 42 <i>P. lindheimeri</i> genes involved in fatty acid and seed oil biosynthesis, and 39 of them shared 78–100% nucleotide identity with Arabidopsis orthologs. We manually annotated 16 key genes and 14 of them contained full-length protein sequences, indicating high coverage of clean reads to the assembled contigs. A detailed profiling of the 16 genes revealed various spatial and temporal expression patterns. The further comparison of their protein sequences uncovered amino acids conserved among HFA-producing species, but these varied among non-HFA-producing species. Our findings provide essential information for basic and applied research on HFA biosynthesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:51:18Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:51:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-77995a38fb794fb79913a6878c95c0d32023-12-03T12:16:59ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-01-0122251410.3390/ijms22020514Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed OilGrace Q. Chen0Won Nyeong Kim1Kumiko Johnson2Mid-Eum Park3Kyeong-Ryeol Lee4Hyun Uk Kim5Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USADepartment of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, KoreaWestern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USADepartment of Molecular Biology, Graduate School, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54974, KoreaDepartment of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, KoreaHydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) have numerous industrial applications but are absent in most vegetable oils. <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i> accumulating 85% HFA in its seed oil makes it a valuable resource for engineering oilseed crops for HFA production. To discover lipid genes involved in HFA synthesis in <i>P. lindheimeri</i>, transcripts from developing seeds at various stages, as well as leaf and flower buds, were sequenced. Ninety-seven percent clean reads from 552,614,582 raw reads were assembled to 129,633 contigs (or transcripts) which represented 85,948 unique genes. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that 60% of the contigs matched proteins involved in biological process, cellular component or molecular function, while the remaining matched unknown proteins. We identified 42 <i>P. lindheimeri</i> genes involved in fatty acid and seed oil biosynthesis, and 39 of them shared 78–100% nucleotide identity with Arabidopsis orthologs. We manually annotated 16 key genes and 14 of them contained full-length protein sequences, indicating high coverage of clean reads to the assembled contigs. A detailed profiling of the 16 genes revealed various spatial and temporal expression patterns. The further comparison of their protein sequences uncovered amino acids conserved among HFA-producing species, but these varied among non-HFA-producing species. Our findings provide essential information for basic and applied research on HFA biosynthesis.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/514hydroxy fatty acid<i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>seedtranscriptometriacylglycerolgene expression |
| spellingShingle | Grace Q. Chen Won Nyeong Kim Kumiko Johnson Mid-Eum Park Kyeong-Ryeol Lee Hyun Uk Kim Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil International Journal of Molecular Sciences hydroxy fatty acid <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i> seed transcriptome triacylglycerol gene expression |
| title | Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil |
| title_full | Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil |
| title_short | Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil |
| title_sort | transcriptome analysis and identification of lipid genes in i physaria lindheimeri i a genetic resource for hydroxy fatty acids in seed oil |
| topic | hydroxy fatty acid <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i> seed transcriptome triacylglycerol gene expression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/514 |
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