Early-season maize responses to salt stress: Morpho-physiological, leaf reflectance, and mineral composition
Salt stress is a major environmental factor that affects maize production. The impact of salt stress during the early vegetative stage inhibits growth and development. In this study, two maize hybrids, A6659 and P1316, were subjected to five salinity treatments with electrical conductivity 0, 3, 6,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Agriculture and Food Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154324000310 |
| _version_ | 1797271258211024896 |
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| author | Ranadheer Reddy Vennam Raju Bheemanahalli K. Raja Reddy Jagmandeep Dhillon Xin Zhang Ardeshir Adeli |
| author_facet | Ranadheer Reddy Vennam Raju Bheemanahalli K. Raja Reddy Jagmandeep Dhillon Xin Zhang Ardeshir Adeli |
| author_sort | Ranadheer Reddy Vennam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salt stress is a major environmental factor that affects maize production. The impact of salt stress during the early vegetative stage inhibits growth and development. In this study, two maize hybrids, A6659 and P1316, were subjected to five salinity treatments with electrical conductivity 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 dS m−1 for 28 days. A total of 26 traits were evaluated, including morpho-physiological, biomass, leaf reflectance, and mineral composition in two independent studies. Under salt stress, stomatal conductance and transpiration were reduced, resulting in a canopy temperature rise of 4 °C. A higher salinity level (12 dS m−1) reduced plant height (47%) and total leaf area (44%), consequently reducing total shoot dry weight (37%) and total root dry weight (24%). Leaf minerals such as potassium, magnesium, and phosphorous declined with increasing salt concentrations. The elevated salt concentration in the rhizosphere caused an increase in leaf reflectance at the near-infrared (NIR) region, which is attributed to macronutrient deficiency under stress conditions. The results demonstrated that maize could withstand salt stress up to 3 dS m−1, beyond which plant performance declines depending on the genetics. This study provides insights into key traits that can be used for screening or breeding maize for early-season salt stress tolerance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:00:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77a2b4b0ec724e4091418d3cdb5d8671 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-1543 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:00:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Agriculture and Food Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-77a2b4b0ec724e4091418d3cdb5d86712024-03-07T05:29:51ZengElsevierJournal of Agriculture and Food Research2666-15432024-03-0115100994Early-season maize responses to salt stress: Morpho-physiological, leaf reflectance, and mineral compositionRanadheer Reddy Vennam0Raju Bheemanahalli1K. Raja Reddy2Jagmandeep Dhillon3Xin Zhang4Ardeshir Adeli5Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USADepartment of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA; Corresponding author. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USADepartment of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USADepartment of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USAUSDA-ARS, Genetics & Sustainable Agriculture Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS, USASalt stress is a major environmental factor that affects maize production. The impact of salt stress during the early vegetative stage inhibits growth and development. In this study, two maize hybrids, A6659 and P1316, were subjected to five salinity treatments with electrical conductivity 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 dS m−1 for 28 days. A total of 26 traits were evaluated, including morpho-physiological, biomass, leaf reflectance, and mineral composition in two independent studies. Under salt stress, stomatal conductance and transpiration were reduced, resulting in a canopy temperature rise of 4 °C. A higher salinity level (12 dS m−1) reduced plant height (47%) and total leaf area (44%), consequently reducing total shoot dry weight (37%) and total root dry weight (24%). Leaf minerals such as potassium, magnesium, and phosphorous declined with increasing salt concentrations. The elevated salt concentration in the rhizosphere caused an increase in leaf reflectance at the near-infrared (NIR) region, which is attributed to macronutrient deficiency under stress conditions. The results demonstrated that maize could withstand salt stress up to 3 dS m−1, beyond which plant performance declines depending on the genetics. This study provides insights into key traits that can be used for screening or breeding maize for early-season salt stress tolerance.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154324000310Leaf developmentProximal sensingRootSalt toleranceVegetation indices |
| spellingShingle | Ranadheer Reddy Vennam Raju Bheemanahalli K. Raja Reddy Jagmandeep Dhillon Xin Zhang Ardeshir Adeli Early-season maize responses to salt stress: Morpho-physiological, leaf reflectance, and mineral composition Journal of Agriculture and Food Research Leaf development Proximal sensing Root Salt tolerance Vegetation indices |
| title | Early-season maize responses to salt stress: Morpho-physiological, leaf reflectance, and mineral composition |
| title_full | Early-season maize responses to salt stress: Morpho-physiological, leaf reflectance, and mineral composition |
| title_fullStr | Early-season maize responses to salt stress: Morpho-physiological, leaf reflectance, and mineral composition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early-season maize responses to salt stress: Morpho-physiological, leaf reflectance, and mineral composition |
| title_short | Early-season maize responses to salt stress: Morpho-physiological, leaf reflectance, and mineral composition |
| title_sort | early season maize responses to salt stress morpho physiological leaf reflectance and mineral composition |
| topic | Leaf development Proximal sensing Root Salt tolerance Vegetation indices |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154324000310 |
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