Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract The effects of technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake on health outcomes in adults are inconclusive. Effective intervention characteristics associated with sodium reduction have yet to be identified. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-03-01
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| Series: | npj Digital Medicine |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01067-y |
| _version_ | 1797247001710034944 |
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| author | Yong Yang Yan Lily Man Lee Chan Man Ping Wang Jojo Yan Yan Kwok Craig S. Anderson Jung Jae Lee |
| author_facet | Yong Yang Yan Lily Man Lee Chan Man Ping Wang Jojo Yan Yan Kwok Craig S. Anderson Jung Jae Lee |
| author_sort | Yong Yang Yan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The effects of technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake on health outcomes in adults are inconclusive. Effective intervention characteristics associated with sodium reduction have yet to be identified. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, searching randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2000 and April 2023 across 5 databases (PROSPERO: CRD42022357905). Meta-analyses using random-effects models were performed on 24-h urinary sodium (24HUNa), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression of 24HUNa were performed to identify effective intervention characteristics. Eighteen RCTs involving 3505 participants (51.5% female, mean age 51.6 years) were included. Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake significantly reduced 24HUNa (mean difference [MD] −0.39 gm/24 h, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.50 to −0.27; I 2 = 24%), SBP (MD −2.67 mmHg, 95% CI −4.06 to −1.29; I 2 = 40%), and DBP (MD −1.39 mmHg, 95% CI −2.31 to −0.48; I 2 = 31%), compared to control conditions. Interventions delivered more frequently (≤weekly) were associated with a significantly larger effect size in 24HUNa reduction compared to less frequent interventions (>weekly). Other intervention characteristics, such as intervention delivery via instant messaging and participant-family dyad involvement, were associated with larger, albeit non-significant, effect sizes in 24HUNa reduction when compared to other subgroups. Technology-supported behavior change interventions aimed at reducing sodium intake were effective in reducing 24HUNa, SBP, and DBP at post-intervention. Effective intervention characteristics identified in this review should be considered to develop sodium intake reduction interventions and tested in future trials, particularly for its long-term effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:51:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77ae9b92cee8470dab4fb58348a572f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2398-6352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:51:45Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | npj Digital Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-77ae9b92cee8470dab4fb58348a572f12024-03-24T12:34:44ZengNature Portfolionpj Digital Medicine2398-63522024-03-01711910.1038/s41746-024-01067-yTechnology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysisYong Yang Yan0Lily Man Lee Chan1Man Ping Wang2Jojo Yan Yan Kwok3Craig S. Anderson4Jung Jae Lee5School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong KongSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong KongSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong KongSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong KongThe George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong KongAbstract The effects of technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake on health outcomes in adults are inconclusive. Effective intervention characteristics associated with sodium reduction have yet to be identified. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, searching randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2000 and April 2023 across 5 databases (PROSPERO: CRD42022357905). Meta-analyses using random-effects models were performed on 24-h urinary sodium (24HUNa), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression of 24HUNa were performed to identify effective intervention characteristics. Eighteen RCTs involving 3505 participants (51.5% female, mean age 51.6 years) were included. Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake significantly reduced 24HUNa (mean difference [MD] −0.39 gm/24 h, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.50 to −0.27; I 2 = 24%), SBP (MD −2.67 mmHg, 95% CI −4.06 to −1.29; I 2 = 40%), and DBP (MD −1.39 mmHg, 95% CI −2.31 to −0.48; I 2 = 31%), compared to control conditions. Interventions delivered more frequently (≤weekly) were associated with a significantly larger effect size in 24HUNa reduction compared to less frequent interventions (>weekly). Other intervention characteristics, such as intervention delivery via instant messaging and participant-family dyad involvement, were associated with larger, albeit non-significant, effect sizes in 24HUNa reduction when compared to other subgroups. Technology-supported behavior change interventions aimed at reducing sodium intake were effective in reducing 24HUNa, SBP, and DBP at post-intervention. Effective intervention characteristics identified in this review should be considered to develop sodium intake reduction interventions and tested in future trials, particularly for its long-term effects.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01067-y |
| spellingShingle | Yong Yang Yan Lily Man Lee Chan Man Ping Wang Jojo Yan Yan Kwok Craig S. Anderson Jung Jae Lee Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis npj Digital Medicine |
| title | Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | technology supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults a systematic review and meta analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01067-y |
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